Table 6.
Five-Year Total, Annual Average Totala, and Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesb with 95% Confidence Intervals for Children and Adolescents (Age 0-19 Years), Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors by Major Histology Grouping, Histology, and Age at Diagnosis, CBTRUS Statistical Report: U.S. Cancer Statistics – NPCR and SEER, 2013-2017
| Histology | Age at Diagnosis | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-19 Years | 0-4 Years | 5-9 Years | 10-14 Years | 15-19 Years | ||||||||||||||||
| 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate | 95% CI | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate | 95% CI | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate | 95% CI | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate | 95% CI | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate | 95% CI | |
| Tumors of Neuroepithelial Tissue | 15,802 | 3,160 | 3.88 | 3.82-3.94 | 4,875 | 975 | 4.93 | 4.79-5.07 | 4,097 | 819 | 4.03 | 3.91-4.16 | 3,747 | 749 | 3.65 | 3.53-3.77 | 3,083 | 617 | 2.94 | 2.84-3.05 |
| Pilocytic Astrocytoma | 3,744 | 749 | 0.92 | 0.89-0.95 | 1,148 | 230 | 1.16 | 1.09-1.23 | 1,059 | 212 | 1.04 | 0.98-1.11 | 921 | 184 | 0.90 | 0.84-0.96 | 616 | 123 | 0.59 | 0.54-0.64 |
| Diffuse Astrocytoma | 954 | 191 | 0.23 | 0.22-0.25 | 263 | 53 | 0.27 | 0.23-0.30 | 190 | 38 | 0.19 | 0.16-0.22 | 250 | 50 | 0.24 | 0.21-0.28 | 251 | 50 | 0.24 | 0.21-0.27 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma | 394 | 79 | 0.10 | 0.09-0.11 | 66 | 13 | 0.07 | 0.05-0.08 | 107 | 21 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 | 110 | 22 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 | 111 | 22 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 |
| Unique Astrocytoma Variants | 490 | 98 | 0.12 | 0.11-0.13 | 103 | 21 | 0.10 | 0.09-0.13 | 127 | 25 | 0.12 | 0.10-0.15 | 149 | 30 | 0.15 | 0.12-0.17 | 111 | 22 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 |
| Malignant | 237 | 47 | 0.06 | 0.05-0.07 | 19 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 52 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.07 | 87 | 17 | 0.08 | 0.07-0.10 | 79 | 16 | 0.08 | 0.06-0.09 |
| Non-Malignant | 253 | 51 | 0.06 | 0.05-0.07 | 84 | 17 | 0.09 | 0.07-0.11 | 75 | 15 | 0.07 | 0.06-0.09 | 62 | 12 | 0.06 | 0.05-0.08 | 32 | 6 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 |
| Glioblastoma | 717 | 143 | 0.18 | 0.16-0.19 | 110 | 22 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 | 169 | 34 | 0.17 | 0.14-0.19 | 201 | 40 | 0.20 | 0.17-0.22 | 237 | 47 | 0.23 | 0.20-0.26 |
| Oligodendroglioma | 175 | 35 | 0.04 | 0.04-0.05 | 19 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 25 | 5 | 0.02 | 0.02-0.04 | 42 | 8 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 | 89 | 18 | 0.08 | 0.07-0.10 |
| Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma | 27 | 5 | 0.01 | 0.00-0.01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Oligoastrocytic Tumors | 64 | 13 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.02 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 26 | 5 | 0.02 | 0.02-0.04 |
| Ependymal Tumors | 1,191 | 238 | 0.29 | 0.28-0.31 | 457 | 91 | 0.46 | 0.42-0.51 | 242 | 48 | 0.24 | 0.21-0.27 | 260 | 52 | 0.25 | 0.22-0.29 | 232 | 46 | 0.22 | 0.19-0.25 |
| Malignant | 997 | 199 | 0.24 | 0.23-0.26 | 439 | 88 | 0.44 | 0.40-0.49 | 215 | 43 | 0.21 | 0.18-0.24 | 191 | 38 | 0.19 | 0.16-0.21 | 152 | 30 | 0.14 | 0.12-0.17 |
| Non-Malignant | 194 | 39 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.05 | 18 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 27 | 5 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 | 69 | 14 | 0.07 | 0.05-0.09 | 80 | 16 | 0.08 | 0.06-0.09 |
| Glioma Malignant, NOS | 2,989 | 598 | 0.73 | 0.71-0.76 | 930 | 186 | 0.94 | 0.88-1.00 | 967 | 193 | 0.95 | 0.89-1.01 | 661 | 132 | 0.64 | 0.60-0.69 | 431 | 86 | 0.41 | 0.37-0.45 |
| Choroid Plexus Tumors | 409 | 82 | 0.10 | 0.09-0.11 | 258 | 52 | 0.26 | 0.23-0.30 | 54 | 11 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.07 | 53 | 11 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.07 | 44 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 |
| Malignant | 104 | 21 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.03 | 85 | 17 | 0.09 | 0.07-0.11 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 305 | 61 | 0.07 | 0.07-0.08 | 173 | 35 | 0.18 | 0.15-0.20 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Neuroepithelial Tumors | 32 | 6 | 0.01 | 0.01-0.01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Neuronal and Mixed Neuronal Glial Tumors | 1,927 | 385 | 0.47 | 0.45-0.49 | 331 | 66 | 0.34 | 0.30-0.37 | 357 | 71 | 0.35 | 0.32-0.39 | 610 | 122 | 0.59 | 0.55-0.64 | 629 | 126 | 0.60 | 0.55-0.65 |
| Malignant | 111 | 22 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.03 | 23 | 5 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 20 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 27 | 5 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 | 41 | 8 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.05 |
| Non-Malignant | 1,816 | 363 | 0.44 | 0.42-0.47 | 308 | 62 | 0.31 | 0.28-0.35 | 337 | 67 | 0.33 | 0.30-0.37 | 583 | 117 | 0.57 | 0.52-0.62 | 588 | 118 | 0.56 | 0.52-0.61 |
| Tumors of the Pineal Region | 211 | 42 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.06 | 60 | 12 | 0.06 | 0.05-0.08 | 48 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.03-0.06 | 45 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 | 58 | 12 | 0.06 | 0.04-0.07 |
| Malignant | 174 | 35 | 0.04 | 0.04-0.05 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 41 | 8 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.05 |
| Non-Malignant | 37 | 7 | 0.01 | 0.01-0.01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 17 | 3 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 |
| Embryonal Tumors | 2,478 | 496 | 0.61 | 0.58-0.63 | 1,106 | 221 | 1.12 | 1.05-1.19 | 727 | 145 | 0.72 | 0.66-0.77 | 419 | 84 | 0.41 | 0.37-0.45 | 226 | 45 | 0.22 | 0.19-0.25 |
| Medulloblastoma | 1,637 | 327 | 0.40 | 0.38-0.42 | 492 | 98 | 0.50 | 0.45-0.54 | 619 | 124 | 0.61 | 0.56-0.66 | 352 | 70 | 0.34 | 0.31-0.38 | 174 | 35 | 0.17 | 0.14-0.19 |
| Primitive neuroectodermal tumors | 241 | 48 | 0.06 | 0.05-0.07 | 129 | 26 | 0.13 | 0.11-0.16 | 50 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.06 | 35 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.05 | 27 | 5 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 |
| Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor | 380 | 76 | 0.09 | 0.08-0.10 | 325 | 65 | 0.33 | 0.29-0.37 | 33 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.05 | 16 | 3 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other embryonal histologies | 220 | 44 | 0.05 | 0.05-0.06 | 160 | 32 | 0.16 | 0.14-0.19 | 25 | 5 | 0.02 | 0.02-0.04 | 16 | 3 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 19 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 |
| Tumors of Cranial and Spinal Nerves | 1,291 | 258 | 0.32 | 0.30-0.33 | 290 | 58 | 0.29 | 0.26-0.33 | 246 | 49 | 0.24 | 0.21-0.27 | 304 | 61 | 0.30 | 0.26-0.33 | 451 | 90 | 0.43 | 0.39-0.47 |
| Nerve Sheath Tumors | 1,288 | 258 | 0.31 | 0.30-0.33 | 290 | 58 | 0.29 | 0.26-0.33 | 246 | 49 | 0.24 | 0.21-0.27 | 304 | 61 | 0.30 | 0.26-0.33 | 448 | 90 | 0.43 | 0.39-0.47 |
| Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Tumors of Cranial and Spinal Nerves | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Meninges | 1,133 | 227 | 0.28 | 0.26-0.29 | 204 | 41 | 0.21 | 0.18-0.24 | 134 | 27 | 0.13 | 0.11-0.16 | 254 | 51 | 0.25 | 0.22-0.28 | 541 | 108 | 0.52 | 0.47-0.56 |
| Meningioma | 649 | 130 | 0.16 | 0.15-0.17 | 72 | 14 | 0.07 | 0.06-0.09 | 77 | 15 | 0.08 | 0.06-0.09 | 157 | 31 | 0.15 | 0.13-0.18 | 343 | 69 | 0.33 | 0.29-0.36 |
| Malignant | 34 | 7 | 0.01 | 0.01-0.01 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 615 | 123 | 0.15 | 0.14-0.16 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Mesenchymal Tumors | 267 | 53 | 0.07 | 0.06-0.07 | 125 | 25 | 0.13 | 0.11-0.15 | 50 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.06 | 48 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.03-0.06 | 44 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 |
| Primary Melanocytic Lesions | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Neoplasms Related to the Meninges | 205 | 41 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.06 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 46 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 | 150 | 30 | 0.14 | 0.12-0.17 |
| Lymphoma and Hematopoietic Neoplasms | 122 | 24 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 | 17 | 3 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | 33 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.05 | 28 | 6 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 | 44 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 |
| Lymphoma | 59 | 12 | 0.01 | 0.01-0.02 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | --- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Hematopoietic Neoplasms | 63 | 13 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.02 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Germ Cell Tumors and Cysts | 993 | 199 | 0.24 | 0.23-0.26 | 184 | 37 | 0.19 | 0.16-0.22 | 165 | 33 | 0.16 | 0.14-0.19 | 345 | 69 | 0.34 | 0.30-0.37 | 299 | 60 | 0.29 | 0.25-0.32 |
| Germ Cell Tumors, Cysts and Heterotopias | 993 | 199 | 0.24 | 0.23-0.26 | 184 | 37 | 0.19 | 0.16-0.22 | 165 | 33 | 0.16 | 0.14-0.19 | 345 | 69 | 0.34 | 0.30-0.37 | 299 | 60 | 0.29 | 0.25-0.32 |
| Malignant | 775 | 155 | 0.19 | 0.18-0.20 | 80 | 16 | 0.08 | 0.06-0.10 | 120 | 24 | 0.12 | 0.10-0.14 | 308 | 62 | 0.30 | 0.27-0.34 | 267 | 53 | 0.25 | 0.22-0.29 |
| Non-Malignant | 218 | 44 | 0.05 | 0.05-0.06 | 104 | 21 | 0.11 | 0.09-0.13 | 45 | 9 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 | 37 | 7 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.05 | 32 | 6 | 0.03 | 0.02-0.04 |
| Tumors of Sellar Region | 4,254 | 851 | 1.03 | 1.00-1.07 | 197 | 39 | 0.20 | 0.17-0.23 | 610 | 122 | 0.60 | 0.55-0.65 | 908 | 182 | 0.88 | 0.83-0.94 | 2,539 | 508 | 2.42 | 2.33-2.52 |
| Tumors of the Pituitary | 3,393 | 679 | 0.82 | 0.79-0.85 | 40 | 8 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.06 | 304 | 61 | 0.30 | 0.27-0.33 | 685 | 137 | 0.67 | 0.62-0.72 | 2,364 | 473 | 2.25 | 2.16-2.35 |
| Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Craniopharyngioma | 861 | 172 | 0.21 | 0.20-0.23 | 157 | 31 | 0.16 | 0.13-0.19 | 306 | 61 | 0.30 | 0.27-0.34 | 223 | 45 | 0.22 | 0.19-0.25 | 175 | 35 | 0.17 | 0.14-0.19 |
| Unclassified Tumors | 1,510 | 302 | 0.37 | 0.35-0.39 | 338 | 68 | 0.34 | 0.31-0.38 | 300 | 60 | 0.30 | 0.26-0.33 | 397 | 79 | 0.39 | 0.35-0.43 | 475 | 95 | 0.45 | 0.41-0.50 |
| Hemangioma | 598 | 120 | 0.15 | 0.13-0.16 | 126 | 25 | 0.13 | 0.11-0.15 | 101 | 20 | 0.10 | 0.08-0.12 | 147 | 29 | 0.14 | 0.12-0.17 | 224 | 45 | 0.21 | 0.19-0.24 |
| Neoplasm Unspecified | 872 | 174 | 0.21 | 0.20-0.23 | 195 | 39 | 0.20 | 0.17-0.23 | 192 | 38 | 0.19 | 0.16-0.22 | 241 | 48 | 0.23 | 0.21-0.27 | 244 | 49 | 0.23 | 0.20-0.26 |
| Malignant | 218 | 44 | 0.05 | 0.05-0.06 | 73 | 15 | 0.07 | 0.06-0.09 | 51 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.07 | 40 | 8 | 0.04 | 0.03-0.05 | 54 | 11 | 0.05 | 0.04-0.07 |
| Non-Malignant | 654 | 131 | 0.16 | 0.15-0.17 | 122 | 24 | 0.12 | 0.10-0.15 | 141 | 28 | 0.14 | 0.12-0.16 | 201 | 40 | 0.20 | 0.17-0.22 | 190 | 38 | 0.18 | 0.16-0.21 |
| All Other | 40 | 8 | 0.01 | 0.01-0.01 | 17 | 3 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| TOTAL c | 25,105 | 5,021 | 6.14 | 6.07-6.22 | 6,105 | 1,221 | 6.18 | 6.02-6.33 | 5,585 | 1,117 | 5.49 | 5.35-5.64 | 5,983 | 1,197 | 5.83 | 5.68-5.98 | 7,432 | 1,486 | 7.09 | 6.93-7.25 |
| Malignant | 14,463 | 2,893 | 3.55 | 3.49-3.61 | 4,498 | 900 | 4.55 | 4.42-4.68 | 3,847 | 769 | 3.78 | 3.67-3.91 | 3,393 | 679 | 3.31 | 3.19-3.42 | 2,725 | 545 | 2.60 | 2.50-2.70 |
| Non-Malignant | 10,642 | 2,128 | 2.60 | 2.55-2.65 | 1,607 | 321 | 1.63 | 1.55-1.71 | 1,738 | 348 | 1.71 | 1.63-1.79 | 2,590 | 518 | 2.52 | 2.43-2.62 | 4,707 | 941 | 4.49 | 4.36-4.62 |
a. Annual average cases are calculated by dividing the five-year total by five.
b. Rates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.
c. Refers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.
-- Counts and rates are not presented when fewer than 20 cases were reported for the specific category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts and rates for totals.
Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; NPCR, National Program of Cancer Registries; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; CI, confidence interval; NOS, not otherwise specified