Table 2.

The ratio of intercellular to ambient CO₂ concentrations (c_i/c_a) for young and mature leaves of plants that use the C₃ photosynthetic pathway.

Species	Young leaf ci/ca	Mature leaf ci/ca	Difference, mature–young	Deciduousness	Geography	Reference
Anthocephalus chinensis	0.89	0.63	−0.26	Evergreen	Tropical	Cai et al. (2005)
Beureria cumanensis	0.71	0.74	0.03	Deciduous	Tropical	Sobrado and Ehleringer (1997)
Byrsonima sericea	0.90	0.69	−0.21	Deciduous	Tropical	Vitoria et al. (2016)
Cecropia longipes	1.09	0.78	−0.31	Deciduous	Tropical	Terwilliger et al. (2001)
Coursetia arborea	0.77	0.71	−0.06	Deciduous	Tropical	Sobrado and Ehleringer (1997)
Eucalyptus delegatensis	0.85	0.82	−0.03	Evergreen	Temperate	Cernusak (2020)
Eucalyptus miniata	1.11	0.83	−0.28	Evergreen	Tropical	Cernusak et al. (2006)
Eucalyptus pauciflora	0.88	0.81	−0.07	Evergreen	Temperate	Cernusak (2020)
Eucalyptus tetrodonta	1.03	0.82	−0.21	Evergreen	Tropical	Cernusak et al. (2006)
Ficus insipida	0.89	0.87	−0.02	Evergreen	Tropical	This paper
Lagarostrobos franklinii	0.70	0.60	−0.1	Evergreen	Temperate	Francey et al. (1985)
Litsea dilleniifolia	0.80	0.72	−0.08	Evergreen	Tropical	Cai et al. (2005)
Litsea pierrei var. semois	0.82	0.70	−0.12	Evergreen	Tropical	Cai et al. (2005)
Lonchocarpus dipteroneurus	0.82	0.71	−0.11	Deciduous	Tropical	Sobrado and Ehleringer (1997)
Luehia seemanii	0.99	0.86	−0.13	Deciduous	Tropical	Terwilliger (1997)
Morisonia americana	0.78	0.76	−0.02	Evergreen	Tropical	Sobrado and Ehleringer (1997)
Pachysandra terminalis	0.58	0.56	−0.02	Evergreen	Temperate	Yoshie and Kawano (1986)
Persea americana	0.77	0.60	−0.17	Evergreen	Tropical	Terwilliger (1997)
Pithecellobium dulce	0.69	0.72	0.03	Deciduous	Tropical	Sobrado and Ehleringer (1997)
Quercus douglasii	0.72	0.50	−0.22	Deciduous	Temperate	Xu and Baldocchi (2003)
Siparuna guianensis	1.03	0.70	−0.33	Evergreen	Tropical	Vitoria et al. (2016)
Swietenia macrophylla	0.95	0.82	−0.13	Evergreen	Tropical	This paper
Toona ciliata	0.81	0.68	−0.13	Evergreen	Tropical	This paper
Urera caracasana	0.92	0.79	−0.13	Evergreen	Tropical	Terwilliger et al. (2001)
Xylopia sericea	0.89	0.64	−0.25	Evergreen	Tropical	Vitoria et al. (2016)