Table 1. Characteristics of Study Participants by BMI Categories.
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%) | P value for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 37 311) | BMI | ||||||
| <18.5 (n = 360) | 18.5 to <25 (n = 9937) | 25 to <30 (n = 13 601) | 30 to <35 (n = 7783) | ≥35 (n = 5630) | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 58.6 (11.8) | 60.3 (14.1) | 59.3 (12.5) | 59.4 (11.7) | 58.4 (11.1) | 56.1 (11.1) | <.001 |
| Men | 15 414 (41.3) | 103 (28.6) | 3809 (38.3) | 6812 (50.1) | 3298 (42.4) | 1392 (24.7) | <.001 |
| Black race | 14 291 (38.3) | 109 (30.3) | 2482 (25.0) | 4770 (35.1) | 3588 (46.1) | 3342 (59.4) | <.001 |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 125 (18) | 118 (21) | 120 (19) | 125 (17) | 128 (17) | 130 (18) | <.001 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | |||||||
| Hypertension | 13 108 (35.1) | 69 (19.2) | 2256 (22.7) | 4467 (32.8) | 3342 (42.9) | 2974 (52.8) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 4091 (11.0) | 14 (3.9) | 468 (4.7) | 1225 (9.0) | 1153 (14.8) | 1231 (21.9) | <.001 |
| Smoking | 5415 (14.5) | 123 (34.2) | 1777 (17.9) | 1888 (13.9) | 974 (12.5) | 653 (11.6) | <.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 198 (31) | 194 (31) | 197 (31) | 199 (31) | 199 (31) | 196 (31) | .48 |
| HDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 53 (16) | 67 (17) | 60 (18) | 52 (15) | 49 (14) | 49 (13) | <.001 |
| Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm | 96.5 (15.4) | 70.8 (8.7) | 82.5 (8.9) | 94.3 (8.8) | 104.2 (9.8) | 117.7 (13.9) | <.001 |
| hsCRP, median (IQR), mg/dL | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 0.1 (0-0.2) | 0.1 (0-0.3) | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 0.3 (0.1-0.5) | 0.4 (0.2-0.9) | <.001 |
| Estimated 10-y ASCVD risk, median (IQR), % | 7.1 (2.5-15.4) | 6.4 (1.4-17.2) | 5.8 (1.6-14.7) | 7.8 (2.9-16.5) | 8.1 (3.3-16.3) | 7.0 (2.7-14.8) | <.001 |
| Observed 10-y ASCVD event rates | 3709 (9.9) | 37 (10.3) | 912 (9.2) | 1460 (10.7) | 814 (10.5) | 486 (8.6) | .57 |
| CHD death | 582 (1.5) | 10 (2.8) | 145 (1.5) | 215 (1.5) | 103 (1.3) | 109 (1.9) | .29 |
| Nonfatal myocardial infarction | 1527 (4.1) | 10 (2.8) | 378 (3.8) | 622 (4.6) | 337 (4.3) | 180 (3.2) | .26 |
| Fatal or nonfatal stroke | 1600 (4.3) | 17 (4.7) | 389 (3.9) | 623 (4.6) | 374 (4.8) | 197 (3.5) | .72 |
Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); BP, blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range.
SI conversion factors: To convert HDL and total cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259; to convert hsCRP to milligrams per liter, multiply by 10.