Table 4.

An overview of temperature measurements in thermophoretic devices.

Measurement	Principle	Spatial Resolution	Accuracy	Domain	Reference
contact method	advantages:	good accuracy
		simple and fast configuration of measuring system
	limitations:	single point, assumption of linear temperature profile
resistance	resistance	∼10 $\mathsf{\mu }$m	∼0.1 K	point	[39,58,90,91,92]
temperature	variation
detector	on T
thermocouple	Seebeck effect	∼0.1 $\mathsf{\mu }$m	∼0.01 K	point	[55,56,61,69]
non-contact method	advantages:	direct measure of the temperature profile
	limitations:	transparent materials, moderate accuracy
		calibration required
fluorescence thermometry	temperature dependent quantum efficiency	∼1 $\mathsf{\mu }$m	∼0.1 K	area	[27,43,45,59,70,93,94,95]
infrared thermometry	radiative flux	∼10 $\mathsf{\mu }$m	∼1 K	area	[41,47]
laser interferometry	phase difference	∼0.1 $\mathsf{\mu }$m	∼1 K	area	[81,96]