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. 2020 Mar 13;99(5):2798–2810. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.047

Table 2.

Respondents' general meat preferences and self-reported handling behavior.

Feelings regarding the use of antibiotics, vaccines, or other drugs on animals used for food after being given the definition of withdrawal period (n = 565)
Much better Moderately better Slightly better About the same Slightly worse Moderately worse Much worse Mean response Standard deviation
5% 9% 13% 51% 13% 4% 6% 3.927 1.328
How respondents who consume meat or have someone in the household who consumes meat thaw meat (Multiple selections permitted) (n = 550)
Method Percentage of Respondents
In microwave 19%a
Submerged in cold water 23%a
Submerged in hot water 13%c
Left out on the counter 37%d
In the refrigerator 65%e
I do not thaw frozen meat 2%b
I don't know 2%b
Other 0%f
Ranking of importance of meat quality attributes, percentage of respondents who consumed meat (n = 538)1

Rank from 1 (most important) to 5 (least important)
Mean Standard Deviation Mean Rank
Attribute 1 2 3 4 5
Texture 7% 16% 32% 25% 16% 3.28a 1.444 3
Color 10% 13% 18% 30% 26% 3.504b 1.292 4
Tenderness 20% 34% 21% 15% 7% 2.526c 1.180 2
Flavor 46% 23% 12% 9% 5% 2.004d 1.213 1
Shelf Life 14% 9% 13% 18% 42% 3.682e 1.468 5

a-f Matching letters indicate the percentage of respondents were not statistically different at the <.05 level.

1

All attributes were statistically different at the P < .05 level, as determined by t-tests.