Table 2.
Characteristics of the sleep trackers and sleep parameters measured (n=7).
| First Author | Year | Sleep Tracker | Study Objective | Results | Take-Away | Quality Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fagherazzi | 2017 | Wearable (Withings Pulse) | Examine sleep and health among users of a popular sleep tracker. | A larger proportion of the population slept > 6 hours (n=11,670, 73.4%), whereas fewer averaged <6 hours (n=4,169, 26.3%). A high diastolic blood pressure (>83 mm Hg) was associated with increased risk of poor deep sleep (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06-1.39) when compared to low diastolic blood pressure. but was not related to total sleep and deep/total ratio. Systolic blood pressure was not related to total sleep or deep sleep but was associated positively with a poor deep/total ratio (p-value<.001). | Sensed deep sleep was associated with blood pressure (diastolic and systolic), but not duration. | 53.7% |
| Bian et al. | 2017 | Wearable (FitBit Charge HR) | Examine sleep and pediatric asthma. | Average sleep quality was 0.89 (range, 0.85-0.94) was inversely associated with asthma symptoms (−.18, p-value=.02). | Sleep was inversely associated with pediatric asthma. | 57.4% |
| Anyz et al. | 2019 | App (Sleep as Android) | Compare sleep before and after major political events. | Sleep during a random, comparable night chosen from the previous year dropped 18 min on the night after ‘Brexit’ 7.02 to 6.44) (p-value<.001). Sleep during a random, comparable night chosen from the previous year among Americans dropped 38 minutes after the Trump election (7.07 to 6.29) (p-value<.001). | Sleep duration decreased significantly after major political events in the US and UK. | 46.3% |
| Agarwal, et al. | 2018 | Wearable (FitBit Charge HR) | Compare sleep before and after surgery among prostate cancer patients. | Postoperative night sleep averaged 6.0 (IQR, 317–414) whereas preoperative nights averaged 6.6 (IQR, 306–465) (p-value=.33). Nighttime awakenings on postoperative nights averaged 2.7 (IQR, 1.9–8.9) whereas preoperative nights averaged 3.3 (IQR, 1.0–9.0) (p-value =0.37). | Sleep was not different between preoperative to postoperative nights. | 64.8% |
| Han et al. | 2016 | Wearable (FitBit Flex) | Compare sleep before and after hemodialysis among patients. | Sleep among patients before a night before hemodialysis averaged 3.7 minutes, whereas nights after treatment were 6.9 minutes and nights between two 2 non hemodialysis days averaged 7.2 (p-value <.001). | Sleep was significantly lower among patients before treatment compared to after treatment. | 68.5% |
| Weatherall et al. | 2018 | Wearable (FitBit Charge) | Comparing sleep tracker-obtained data with self-reported data | Average sleep duration was 6.7 hours (SD 1.7). Self-reported data show participants had trouble falling asleep for an average of 2.3 (SD 2.7) nights in a typical week. Sleep duration was correlated with self-reported trouble sleeping (r=.28, p-value =.02). | Sleep was associated with self-reported sleep difficulty. | 57.4% |
| DeMasi et al. | 2017 | App (Funf Open Sensing Framework) | Examining sleep and well-being | Average sleep duration was 8.79 hours (1.22). Sleep duration was positively associated with mood (b = 0.072, p-value=.02). | Sleep was associated with mood. | 59.3% |