Table 2.

Loci that were significantly associated with the plumage color on birds' back in this population.

Traits (h2)	QTL	Chromosome	Peak positions	Test statistics (F/P values)	Peak regions	Variance explained	Covariates	Methods
LBPC8 (43.7%)	QTL2	2	103.2 Mb (rs14228181)	1.25E-09∗∗	103.2-106.7 Mb	7.85%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	102.4 Mb (222 cM)	18.56∗∗	88.9-108.7 Mb (201-235 cM)	6.73%	/	LA
LBPC10 (52.9%)	QTL2	2	103.2 Mb (rs14228181)	2.91E-08∗∗	103.2-106.7 Mb	6.65%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	101.7 Mb (221 cM)	24.63∗∗	85.5-111.9 Mb (199-240 cM)	8.83%	/	LA
	QTL1	1	54.1 Mb (139 cM)	13.64∗∗	53.6-56.1 Mb	4.51%	chr2:221 cM	LA
LBPC12 (46.2%)	QTL2	2	106.7 Mb (rs317554548)	3.19E-07∗	/	5.59%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	101.1 Mb (220 cM)	17.95∗∗	91.3-108.1 Mb (207-233 cM)	6.48%	/	LA
	QTL5	5	53.9 Mb (149 cM)	11.04∗∗	/	3.70%	chr2:220 cM	LA
BBPC8 (44.0%)	QTL2	2	103.2 Mb (rs14228181)	8.06E-13∗∗	93.8-106.7 Mb	12.08%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	101.7 Mb (221 cM)	36.91∗∗	83.1-113.2 Mb (195-242 cM)	12.85%	/	LA
	QTL20	20	10.2 (63 cM)	11.96∗∗	9.9-10.4  Mb (61-65 cM)	3.77%	chr2:221 cM	LA
BBPC10 (56.7%)	QTL2	2	103.2 Mb (rs14228181)	1.27E-11∗∗	93.8-107.6 Mb	11.50%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	102.9 Mb (223 cM)	57.86∗∗	76.1-116.4 Mb (189-249 cM)	19.02%	/	LA
	QTL20	20	10.3 Mb (64 cM)	20.01∗∗	9.3-13.3 Mb (56-75 cM)	5.92%	chr2:223 cM	LA
	QTL1	1	50.5 Mb (126 cM)	13/31∗∗	49.5-53  Mb (123-135 cM)	3.66%	chr2:223 cM; chr20:64 cM	LA
BBPC12 (55.7%)	QTL2	2	103.2 Mb (rs14228181)	4.61E-11∗∗	100.1-108.3	10.28%	/	GWAS
	QTL2	2	102.4 Mb (222 cM)	45.62∗∗	81.3-112.3 Mb (194-241 cM)	15.54%	/	LA
	QTL20	20	10.8 Mb (67 cM)	10.98∗	10.6-10.9 Mb (66-67 cM)	3.35%	chr2:222 cM	LA

∗Denotes 5% genome-wide significance, ∗∗denotes 1% genome-wide significance.

Abbreviations: GWAS, genome-wide association studies; LA, linage analysis; QTL, quantitative trait locus.