Table 2.
Comparison between the clinicopathologic features and perioperative outcomes of patients by resection type
| Total | DP | PD | Others | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 150 | 93 | 43 | 14 | |
| Median age, years (range) | 62 (18-85) | 61 (19-85) | 67 (24-82) | 56.5 (18-82) | 0.025 |
| Male, n (%) | 77 (51.3) | 41 (44.1) | 29 (67.4) | 7 (50.0) | 0.106 |
| BMI | 22.9 (12.6-40.5) | 23.1 (12.6-35.9) | 22.7 (14.5-35.1) | 22.1 (13.6-40.5) | 0.262 |
| Symptomatic, n (%) | 70 (46.7) | 30 (32.3) | 34 (79.1) | 6 (42.9) | <0.001 |
| Laparoscopic, n (%) | 103 (68.7) | 67 (72.0) | 28 (65.1) | 8 (57.1) | 0.495 |
| Hand assisted, n (%) | 2 (1.3) | 2 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | |
| Robotic, n (%) | 45 (30.0) | 24 (25.8) | 15 (34.9) | 6 (42.9) | |
| Hybrid (open reconstruction), n (%) | 22 (14.7) | 0 | 21 (48.8) | 1 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Previous abdominal surgery, n (%) | 38 (25.3) | 25 (26.9) | 8 (18.6) | 5 (35.7) | 0.378 |
| ASA score, n (%) | |||||
| 1 | 23 (15.3) | 15 (16.1) | 3 (7.0) | 5 (35.7) | 0.009 |
| 2 | 100 (66.7) | 66 (71.0) | 30 (69.8) | 4 (28.6) | |
| 3 | 27 (18.0) | 12 (12.9) | 10 (23.3) | 5 (35.7) | |
| Median tumour size, cm (range) | 25.0 (0-14.0) | 3.0 (0-14.0) | 2.5 (1.0-7.0) | 1.5 (0-3.6) | <0.001 |
| Extended pancreatectomy, n (%) | 10 (6.7) | 3 (3.2) | 7 (16.3) | 0 | 0.010 |
| Concomitant procedure, n (%) | 9 (6.0) | 6 (6.5) | 2 (4.7) | 1 (7.1) | 0.903 |
| Median operation time, min (range) | 330 (45-930) | 285 (85-775) | 595 (360-930) | 245 (45-500) | <0.001 |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion, n (%) | 19 (12.7) | 10 (10.8) | 9 (20.9) | 0 | 0.082 |
| Median estimated blood loss, ml (range) | 200 (0-4000) | 150 (25-2000) | 400 (50-4000) | 50 (0-350) | <0.001 |
| Open conversion, n (%) | 21 (14.0) | 12 (12.9) | 8 (18.6) | 1 (7.1) | 0.497 |
| Completed MIS, n (%) | 107 (71.3) | 81 (87.1) | 14 (32.6) | 12 (85.7) | <0.001 |
| Median post-operative hospitalisation, days (range) | 7 (1-73) | 6 (3-73) | 11 (5-62) | 6 (1-29) | <0.001 |
| Readmission, n (%) | 30 (20.0) | 19 (20.4) | 10 (23.3) | 1 (7.1) | 0.419 |
| Post-operative morbidity, n (%) | 65 (43.3) | 30 (32.3) | 29 (67.4) | 6 (42.9) | 0.001 |
| Major morbidity (> Grade 2), n (%) | 29 (20.7) | 15 (16.7) | 13 (35.1) | 1 (7.7) | 0.031 |
| Reoperation, n (%) | 9 (6.0) | 2 (2.2) | 7 (16.3) | 0 | 0.003 |
| Pancreatic fistula, n (%) | |||||
| Total | 30 (20.0) | 19 (20.4) | 8 (18.6) | 3 (21.4) | 0.960 |
| Grade B | |||||
| Grade C | |||||
| Grade 3/> fistula, n (%) | 19 (12.8) | 14 (15.2) | 5 (11.9) | 0 | 0.278 |
| Post-operative bleeding, n (%) | 2 (1.3) | 0 | 2 (4.7) | 0 | 0.080 |
| Mortality | |||||
| 30-day, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| In-hospital, n (%) | 3 (2.0) | 2 (2.2) | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 0.852 |
| 90-day, n (%) | 4 (2.7) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (4.7) | 0 | 0.568 |
DP: Distal pancreatectomies, PD: Pancreatoduodenectomies, BMI: Body mass index, ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists, NA: Not available