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. 2020 Oct 12;130(11):6054–6063. doi: 10.1172/JCI138538

Figure 5. NR enhances mitochondrial respiration and reduces proinflammatory cytokine production in HF.

Figure 5

(A and B) Ratios of basal and maximal respiration of healthy or HF PBMCs after 4-hour 1 mM NR treatments relative to vehicle, respectively. n = 8 and n = 10, respectively. (C) Whole blood NAD+ level of subjects with stage D HF before or after 5 to 9 days of oral NR administration. (D and E) Basal and maximal respiration of PBMCs from subjects with stage D HF before and after oral NR administration, respectively. (F) Relative mRNA levels of NLRP3 and inflammatory cytokines of PBMCs from subjects with stage D HF before and after NR administration. Post-NR mRNA level normalized to 1. n = 4. (A and B) P values determined by unpaired 2-tailed t test, and data shown in mean ± SEM. (C–F) P values determined by paired 2-tailed t test.