. 2020 Jul 3;99(10):4914–4928. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.030

Table 9.

Effect of necrotic enteritis, phytase, and calcium on intestinal morphology, 16 posthatch.

Effects				Total height¹ (μm)	Muscularis layer (μm)	Crypt depth (μm)	Villi height (μm)	Basal width (μm)	Apical width (μm)	Crypt:villi	Apparent villi area (μm² × 10³)
	NE	Phy	Ca
2-Way interactions
NE∗Ca
	-		Low	1,468.8	206.5	184.1	1,078.2	57.44^b	37.15	6.28	38.50
	-		High	1,472.2	183.2	189.5	1,099.6	57.20^b	34.55	6.17	38.13
	+		Low	886.6	164.8	256.8	465.0	69.78^a	54.22	2.10	41.20
	+		High	1,053.8	210.8	283.6	559.4	58.83^b	45.98	2.38	40.39
Msin effects
NE	-			1,470.5^a	194.8	186.8^a	1,088.9^a	57.32	35.85^b	6.22^a	50.67^a
	+			970.2^b	187.8	270.2^b	512.2^b	64.31	50.10^a	2.24^b	28.43^b
Ca			Low	1,177.7	185.6	220.4	771.6	63.61	45.68	4.19	39.85
			High	1,263.0	197.0	236.5	829.5	58.01	40.27	4.28	39.26
SEM				187.76	37.59	65.31	166.12	5.61	7.51	1.25	7.48
P > f
NE				0.000	0.713	0.005	0.000	0.006	0.000	0.000	0.000
Phy				0.801	0.442	0.823	0.476	0.475	0.672	0.649	0.413
Ca				0.256	0.552	0.569	0.301	0.027	0.055	0.851	0.846
NE × Phy				0.976	0.798	0.400	0.634	0.481	0.785	0.636	0.608
NE × Ca				0.275	0.074	0.704	0.512	0.033	0.310	0.684	0.926
Phy × Ca				0.876	0.897	0.885	0.928	0.902	0.305	0.658	0.942
NE × Phy × Ca				0.532	0.197	0.653	0.136	0.167	0.222	0.262	0.071

^a,b,cMeans in the same column with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05).

2-way or 3-way interaction by Tukey.

Phytase (Quantum Blue 5G).

Total height (muscularis layer + villi height).