Table 1.
Composition and nutrient levels of the experimental diets (%, as-fed basis).
| Item | Starter phase (days 1–21) |
Finisher phase (days 22–42) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Antibiotic | Wheat bran | Control | Antibiotic | Wheat bran | |
| Corn | 58.17 | 58.17 | 53.97 | 64.26 | 64.26 | 24.05 |
| Soybean meal | 30.44 | 30.44 | 30.44 | 24.05 | 24.05 | 60.06 |
| Corn gluten meal | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| Fish meal | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| Wheat bran | – | – | 3.00 | – | – | 3.00 |
| Soybean oil | 3.38 | 3.38 | 4.58 | 3.60 | 3.60 | 4.80 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.04 |
| Limestone | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.35 |
| Salt | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| L-Lysine HCl, 78% | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| DL-Methionine, 98% | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| L-Threonine, 98% | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Chromium oxide | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Vitamin–mineral premix1 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
| Analyzed nutrient composition | ||||||
| DM | 91.18 | 90.98 | 90.94 | 91.20 | 91.25 | 91.16 |
| Ash | 5.11 | 5.05 | 5.22 | 4.99 | 4.88 | 5.06 |
| CP | 21.08 | 21.04 | 21.00 | 19.00 | 19.03 | 19.08 |
| Gross energy, kcal/kg | 4,186 | 4,178 | 4,212 | 4,202 | 4,215 | 4,253 |
| Calcium | 1.04 | 1.06 | 1.11 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.95 |
| Total phosphorus | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.61 |
| Sodium | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Total dietary fiber | 13.94 | 14.16 | 14.72 | 13.47 | 13.53 | 14.24 |
| Insoluble dietary fiber | 1.81 | 1.86 | 1.85 | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.81 |
| Soluble dietary fiber | 12.13 | 12.30 | 12.87 | 11.70 | 11.75 | 12.43 |
| Neutral detergent fiber | 11.38 | 11.50 | 12.03 | 11.02 | 11.22 | 11.68 |
| Acid detergent fiber | 4.96 | 5.04 | 5.16 | 4.56 | 4.69 | 4.76 |
| Chlortetracycline | – | 0.0074 | – | – | 0.0071 | – |
| Lysine, total | 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.10 | 1.08 | 1.11 |
| Methionine, total | 0.55 | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.40 |
| Threonine, total | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.79 |
| Tryptophan, total | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.23 |
| Calculated nutrient composition | ||||||
| ME, kcal/kg | 3,050 | 3,050 | 3,050 | 3,150 | 3,150 | 3,150 |
| Available phosphorus | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.36 |
Control: antibiotic-free control diet; antibiotic: control diet + 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline; wheat bran: control diet + 3% wheat bran.
1
Premix supplied per kg diet: vitamin A, 11,000 IU; vitamin D, 3,025 IU; vitamin E, 22 mg; vitamin K3, 2.2 mg; thiamine, 1.65 mg; riboflavin, 6.6 mg; pyridoxine, 3.3 mg; cobalamin, 17.6 μg; nicotinic acid, 22 mg; pantothenic acid, 13.2 mg; folic acid, 0.33 mg; biotin, 88 μg; choline chloride, 500 mg; iron, 48 mg; zinc, 96.6 mg; manganese, 101.76 mg; copper, 10 mg; selenium, 0.05 mg; iodine, 0.96 mg; cobalt, 0.3 mg.