Figure 4.

The residues of different NDV vaccines in the injection sites. Broilers (n = 12/group) were i.m. injected in the left chest with commercial NDV vaccine (emulsified in Marcol 52) or NDV vaccines emulsified with E515-D, Marcol 52, and #10 white oil and broilers (n = 6) were i.m. injected 0.3 mL saline as control. Two birds from each immunized group and 1 bird from control group were randomly euthanized to check the injection sites at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 wk after immunization. The places with azure arrows were observed to have the residues of vaccine emulsion. Abbreviations: i.m., intramuscularly; NDV, Newcastle disease virus; s.c., subcutaneously.