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. 2020 Oct 29;268:115920. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115920

Table A2.

Computational results for D. Pedro II Station
CO
 PM10
 PM2.5
NN MSE MAE MAPE NN MSE MAE MAPE NN MSE MAE MAPE
Without Z-Score All Inputs ELM 5 0.145 0.274 46.448 3 201.221 11.965 49.041 3 51.303 5.935 39.177
ESN 3 0.236 0.446 175.795 3 71.156 7.847 32.640 3 57.354 6.088 69.635
MLP 3 0.133 0.257 45.423 5 62.832 6.936 28.881 3 18.305 3.323 19.678
RBF 3 0.206 0.420 175.738 90 232.000 13.800 67.802 90 61.650 6.700 71.874
Without COVID ELM 3 0.088 0.220 60.253 3 167.635 10.469 34.639 3 67.776 6.738 42.641
ESN 12 0.303 0.467 206.963 15 417.394 17.723 93.584 5 88.044 8.547 79.455
MLP 45 0.101 0.242 42.666 15 73.638 7.079 26.922 60 18.683 3.579 23.942
RBF 3 0.204 0.419 174.983 90 232.206 13.805 67.810 90 61.697 6.702 71.883
Without COVID and Lockdown ELM 3 0.119 0.251 59.499 3 378.428 15.714 44.049 3 66.176 6.592 41.157
ESN 7 0.313 0.478 185.849 3 252.998 13.814 68.271 3 82.455 7.507 75.413
MLP 45 0.111 0.276 55.548 40 79.912 8.113 33.120 40 27.414 4.675 25.319
RBF 5 0.198 0.414 172.176 94 232.421 13.810 67.819 90 61.713 6.703 71.886
With Z-Score All Inputs ELM 3 0.096 0.227 39.350 3 127.320 9.337 33.624 3 33.077 5.200 48.258
ESN 7 0.340 0.511 201.290 3 218.389 12.568 60.732 3 54.302 6.176 67.292
MLP 3 0.069 0.200 48.480 80 76.843 7.220 24.859 3 15.806 3.582 28.000
RBF 5 0.205 0.420 175.627 90 232.000 13.800 67.802 60 61.650 6.700 71.874
Without COVID ELM 5 0.123 0.268 67.011 3 101.629 8.641 35.393 3 54.781 6.227 42.818
ESN 20 0.392 0.543 239.621 3 294.932 14.778 73.650 3 88.592 7.841 62.774
MLP 25 0.117 0.240 48.976 10 100.519 7.814 30.358 80 18.872 3.395 22.804
RBF 3 0.203 0.419 174.831 90 232.206 13.805 67.810 90 61.697 6.702 71.883
Without COVID and Lockdown ELM 3 0.106 0.281 47.589 3 280.543 13.438 54.251 3 42.747 5.443 38.441
ESN 15 0.390 0.550 239.796 3 325.950 14.608 66.276 5 120.188 8.986 96.500
MLP 12 0.101 0.269 53.239 80 79.421 8.156 33.803 12 26.396 4.350 28.352
RBF 3 0.199 0.416 171.079 90 232.429 13.810 67.820 90 61.713 6.703 71.886
NO2 NO O3
NN MSE MAE MAPE NN MSE MAE MAPE NN MSE MAE MAPE
Without Z-Score All Inputs ELM 5 785.090 20.353 30.175 10 4839.146 50.450 153.333 7 467.375 15.322 34.491
ESN 5 907.308 24.263 40.671 10 4772.463 58.378 373.840 3 353.385 15.163 32.252
MLP 70 557.778 17.589 23.740 50 2657.192 38.072 81.015 7 138.893 9.422 16.985
RBF 5 854.313 25.362 51.069 5 5416.426 68.009 486.657 17 454.931 17.020 36.846
Without COVID ELM 3 445.282 17.293 23.027 7 4340.598 57.558 348.301 5 63.055 5.997 12.454
ESN 3 822.075 25.260 52.416 3 5996.855 71.571 445.188 3 260.122 12.669 26.255
MLP 35 464.065 17.072 21.113 8 3924.373 45.396 86.404 45 120.824 9.143 16.909
RBF 5 854.784 25.517 51.092 5 5461.894 68.337 488.802 3 391.845 15.011 33.241
Without COVID and Lockdown ELM 7 1064.275 27.726 57.589 3 3991.357 54.068 113.379 3 137.191 9.229 17.298
ESN 10 1555.614 31.140 75.076 15 8592.139 80.821 675.729 40 1214.000 29.877 59.143
MLP 40 295.496 14.269 22.207 12 4320.338 48.815 91.635 3 206.566 12.420 21.391
RBF 90 868.487 25.612 51.959 90 5472.401 68.400 490.933 3 358.350 12.872 29.566
With Z-Score All Inputs ELM 3 663.132 16.812 19.980 7 4307.805 50.687 159.321 3 115.769 9.348 18.562
ESN 3 1070.911 26.303 35.021 30 5849.480 67.123 420.655 3 489.524 18.494 37.389
MLP 60 493.319 18.015 23.994 35 3274.156 46.066 84.661 40 86.199 7.354 13.290
RBF 7 864.579 25.509 51.690 3 5402.146 67.809 477.883 20 456.534 17.058 36.916
Without COVID ELM 5 394.529 16.522 29.060 5 3768.178 54.428 120.683 3 43.501 5.673 10.074
ESN 3 902.434 26.099 51.690 3 5501.005 68.838 471.550 3 260.471 11.801 25.214
MLP 20 228.207 12.518 20.777 7 3911.060 47.170 76.890 5 89.321 7.703 14.095
RBF 12 859.824 25.425 52.147 3 5401.730 67.974 478.234 3 391.500 14.998 33.216
Without COVID and Lockdown ELM 3 782.711 24.452 39.246 3 5041.661 61.826 202.719 3 107.910 7.838 16.488
ESN 40 1871.582 36.537 83.638 12 8067.633 80.195 594.801 3 389.735 14.920 28.355
MLP 55 346.735 16.076 26.940 7 4490.207 51.747 87.543 3 161.224 10.402 19.405
RBF 90 868.484 25.612 51.959 40 5471.100 68.391 490.941 5 369.729 13.681 31.046

NN: Number of neurons; MSE: Mean Square Error; MAE: Mean Absolute Error; MAPE: Mean Absolute Percentage Error; ∗With COVID means including the variables number of COVID-19 new cases and the partial lockdown.