Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | All | MHN | MHOW | MHO | MUN | MUOW | MUO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of participants | 458,246 | 232,975 | 107,517 | 15,044 | 18,428 | 50,158 | 34,124 |
| Demographic factors | |||||||
| Age (y) | 50.9 (10.4) | 50.2 (10.6) | 49.2 (9.6) | 47.7 (9.1) | 57.5 (9.9) | 54.9 (10.0) | 53.0 (10.0) |
| Male (%) | 40.8 | 43.0 | 39.8 | 29.9 | 35.3 | 41.3 | 36.7 |
| Urban (%) | 44.3 | 38.0 | 49.2 | 53.4 | 44.2 | 52.3 | 56.3 |
| Socioeconomic factors (%) | |||||||
| Middle school and above | 50.1 | 50.5 | 51.0 | 49.4 | 49.5 | 49.1 | 46.7 |
| Household income ≥20,000 yuan/year | 43.2 | 41.7 | 44.0 | 43.3 | 44.3 | 46.6 | 44.5 |
| Married | 91.1 | 90.4 | 92.2 | 92.4 | 90.5 | 91.8 | 91.6 |
| Lifestyle factors | |||||||
| Current smoker (%) | 29.0 | 30.6 | 26.9 | 27.0 | 29.0 | 27.5 | 26.7 |
| Current smoker-male (%) | 67.3 | 71.1 | 62.6 | 62.5 | 68.0 | 63.9 | 61.1 |
| Current smoker-female (%) | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.4 |
| Weekly drinker (%) | 15.1 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 13.9 | 16.6 | 16.0 | 15.3 |
| Weekly drinker, male (%) | 34.2 | 34.1 | 32.8 | 30.9 | 38.3 | 36.5 | 34.7 |
| Weekly drinker, female (%) | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 |
| Physical activity (MET-h/d) | 21.5 (13.9) | 22.2 (14.1) | 21.5 (13.8) | 20.6 (13.0) | 20.8 (13.8) | 20.4 (13.1) | 19.6 (12.7) |
| Meat intake (day/week) | 3.7 (2.5) | 3.7 (2.5) | 3.8 (2.6) | 3.8 (2.6) | 3.7 (2.5) | 3.8 (2.6) | 3.8 (2.6) |
| Vegetable intake (day/week) | 6.8 (0.8) | 6.8 (0.8) | 6.9 (0.7) | 6.8 (0.7) | 6.8 (0.8) | 6.9 (0.7) | 6.9 (0.6) |
| Fruit intake (day/week) | 2.6 (2.5) | 2.6 (2.4) | 2.7 (2.5) | 2.8 (2.7) | 2.3 (2.4) | 2.5 (2.6) | 2.6 (2.7) |
| Physical measurements | |||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 (3.2) | 21.6 (1.5) | 25.4 (1.1) | 29.4 (1.6) | 22.2 (1.4) | 26.1 (1.1) | 30.1 (2.1) |
| WC (cm) | 80.8 (9.3) | 74.8 (6.0) | 83.3 (5.5) | 91.5 (7.4) | 79.5 (7.8) | 89.6 (5.4) | 96.3 (6.8) |
| Waist–hip ratio | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 1.0 (0.1) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 131.0 (21.0) | 125.8 (19.6) | 129.6 (19.0) | 126.4 (15.1) | 143.4 (18.8) | 144.1 (19.1) | 146.9 (19.5) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.9 (11.1) | 75.2 (10.4) | 77.6 (10.4) | 76.5 (8.8) | 82.7 (10.5) | 84.3 (10.5) | 85.8 (10.9) |
| Self-reported conditions (%) | |||||||
| Elevated WC | 24.6 | 1.2 | 18.2 | 67.8 | 27.5 | 83.8 | 98.4 |
| Elevated BP | 50.1 | 37.0 | 42.6 | 22.2 | 96.7 | 92.9 | 94.4 |
| Elevated plasma glucose | 12.9 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 76.4 | 35.2 | 24.8 |
| Family medical history (%) | |||||||
| Stroke | 17.9 | 17.1 | 18.1 | 16.9 | 18.9 | 19.8 | 20.0 |
| Heart attack | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 |
Baseline characteristics of the study population were described adjusted for age, sex and region except for number of participants, age, sex, and urban region.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MET-h/d, metabolic equivalents of task per hours per day; MHN, metabolically healthy normal weight; MHO, metabolically healthy obesity; MHOW, metabolically healthy overweight; MUN, metabolically unhealthy normal weight; MUO, metabolically unhealthy obesity; MUOW, metabolically unhealthy overweight; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumference.