| εm | porosity |
| A | membrane effective area (m2) |
| AFM | atomic force microscopy |
| C1 | concentration of the feed NaCl solution (mg/L) |
| C2 | concentration of permeate solution (mg/L) |
| FS | flat sheet |
| HF | hollow fiber |
| ID | inside diameter |
| J | permeate flux (kg/m2·h) |
| L | effective length (m) |
| LEP | liquid entry pressure |
| m | the mass of the membrane |
| OD | outer diameter |
| q | flowrate (L/min) |
| qsg | sweep gas flow rate |
| r | pore radius |
| SEM | scanning electron microscopy |
| Tf | feed temperature (°C) |
| ti | operational time in (h) |
| V | volume of water (L) |
| W | effective width (m) |
| δ | thickness |
| ρ | water density in (kg/L) |
| the length of membrane | |
| the width of membrane | |
| DOE | Design of Experiment |
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