Table 1.
Data Definitions and Sources.
| Variable | EU countries | US states | Year Measured |
Downloaded on |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covid deaths | https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/geographical-distribution-2019-ncov-cases | https://github.com/nytimes/covid-19-data/blob/master/us-states.csv | 2020 | August 3, 2020 |
| Intergenerational co-residence | http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset = ilc_lvps08& | https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q = Young%20Adults,%2018−34%20Years%20Old,%20Living%20At%20Home%20by%20state&g = 0100000US.04000.001&hidePreview = true&tid = ACSDT1Y2018.B09021&vintage = 2018&layer = VT_2018_040_00_PY_D1&cid = B09021_008E | 2018 | April 23, 2020 |
| COVID-RELATED VARIABLES | ||||
| Number of tests* | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/full-list-total-tests-for-covid-19 | https://covidtracking.com/api | 2020 | August 3, 2020 |
| Days from 1 st death to lockdown | https://github.com/OlivierLej/Coronavirus_CounterMeasures | https://github.com/OlivierLej/Coronavirus_CounterMeasures | 2020 | April 25, 2020 |
| Days post France** | Same source as above | Same source as above | 2020 | Same as above |
| DEMOGRAPHICS | ||||
| Total population, and % over 65 | https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do | https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q = S0102&tid = ACSST1Y2018.S0102 | 2018 | May 11, 2020 |
| % Urban population | https://population.un.org/wup/DataQuery/ | https://www.icip.iastate.edu/tables/population/urban-pct-states | 2010 | May 16, 2020 |
| OTHER VARIABLES | ||||
| Hospital beds (per 1000 inhabitants)*** | https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/health-at-a-glance-2019_4dd50c09-en | http://ghdx.healthdata.org/record/united-states-hospital-beds-1000-population-state | 2017 | June 25, 2020 |
| Government political orientation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country; https://europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/breakdown-national-parties-political-group/2019−2024/ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_governors | 2020 | May 27, 2020 |
| Rental Prices | https://www.ubs.com/microsites/prices-earnings/en/ | https://www.zillow.com/research/data/ | 2020 | May 8, 2020 |
| Gross Domestic or State Product in dollars (per capita) | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD | https://www.bea.gov/ https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2010−2016/state/totals/nst-est2016−01.xlsx | 2018 | April 29, 2020 |
*The number of tests was measured 14 days prior to the number of fatalities.
**Number of days from February 15, when the first Covid death in our sample was reported in France, to the first death in a particular country.
***Data for Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Serbia is from https://ourworldindata.org/.