Fig 5. The influence of glatiramer acetate on the ability of DCs to modulate IL-17 and IFN-γ production by CD4⁺ T cells in MS patients and in healthy subjects.

CD4⁺ T cells (8 х 10⁴ per 200 μl per well) obtained from MS patients in clinical remission or from healthy subjects were co-cultured with autologous dendritic cells (DCs) (4 х 10⁴ per 200 μl per well) that had been stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence / absence of generic glatiramer acetate (GGA) at concentrations of 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml. CD4⁺ T cells were also stimulated with microbeads coated with anti-CD3 and CD28-antibodies (positive control) or cultured without stimuli (negative control). After 72 hours, the supernatants were collected and submitted to IL-17 (A, B) and IFN-γ (C, D) quantification by ELISA. Horizontal lines correspond to the median. The median values of control and generic GA treated groups were compared and the p values are indicated at the figure.