Table 2.
GI tract cancer signaling pathway mutations based on genes and exon (n = 121).
| Cancer type (number of studies) | Pathway (number of studies) | Gene (number of studies) | Exon | Mutant% | Sample No | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CRC (n = 65) |
MAPK (n = 43) | KRAS (n = 46) | 1 | 24 | 86 | 142 |
| 1, 2 | 14.6 | 48 | 43 | |||
| 2 | 34–44.9 | 1167 | 64,101,106,125,127,141 | |||
| 2, 3, 4 | 49 | 37 | 59 | |||
| 3, 4 | 3.8 | 264 | 127 | |||
| NR | 2.5–75 | 11,561 | 36,42,45,50,51,63,65–67,69,71,77,79,83,84,86,92,94,98,99,102,103,107–109,112,113,123,124,128,132,134,135 | |||
| BRAF (n = 33) | NR | 0–78 | 8146 | 37,45,50,51,63,65,67,71,77–79,83,84,93,98,108,109,112,127,128,132,134 | ||
| 11, 13–15 | 10 | 37 | 59 | |||
| 11, 15 | 6.9 | 676 | 102 | |||
| 15 | 2.3–46.2 | 982 | 64,79,101,103,105,106,125,141 | |||
| Wnt (n = 18) | beta-catenin (n = 6) | 3 | 3–37.5 | 491 | 26,29,32,51 | |
| NR | 4–27 | 97 | 22,42 | |||
| APC (n = 10) | NR | 28–73 | 750 | 41,83,88,99,107,128,135 | ||
| 15 | 50–52 | 180 | 32,126 | |||
| AXIN2 (n = 2) | 7, 8 | 1.4–20 | 381 | 49,62 | ||
| CTNNB1 (n = 7) | 3 | 1.3–16 | 274 | 85,126 | ||
| NR | 1–48 | 387 | 23,83,128,133 | |||
| PI3 (n = 15) | PIK3CA (n = 17) | 9, 22 | 0–21 | 1556 | 51,53,64,67,101,102,106 | |
| NR | 0–34 | 3634 | 65,83,84,107,109,112,124,127,128,134,135 | |||
| PTEN (n = 7) | 1–9 | 0 | 49 | 103 | ||
| 8 | 17 | 310 | 49 | |||
| NR | 0–28 | 459 | 83,128,133,135 | |||
| P53 (n = 5) | P53 (n = 5) | NR | 18–63 | 1589 | 49,77,99,128,135 | |
|
LC (n = 21) |
MAPK (n = 3) | KRAS (n = 3) | 2–18 | 0 | 25 | 40 |
| NR | 4–16 | 92 | 118,122 | |||
| BRAF (n = 2) | NR | 0 | 105 | 40,118 | ||
| Wnt (n = 15) | beta-catenin (n = 8) | NR | 15–70 | 225 | 33,34,91,129 | |
| 3 | 2.8–41 | 156 | 16,27,28,57 | |||
| AXIN (n = 3) | 3–5 | 25 | 36 | 57 | ||
| NR | 2–12.5 | 153 | 34,118 | |||
| CTNNB1 (n = 7) | 3 | 12–75 | 370 | 34,60,73,74,131 | ||
| NR | 15–31 | 86 | 110,118 | |||
| P53 (n = 4) | TP 53 (n = 4) | NR | 1.2–61 | 296 | 91,96,118,122 | |
|
PC (n = 9) |
MAPK (n = 5) | KRAS (n = 6) | 1 | 47–67 | 79 | 47,55 |
| 2 | 27 | 11 | 75 | |||
| NR | 42–92 | 199 | 52,119,130 | |||
| BRAF (n = 4) | 5, 11, 15 | 0–2.7 | 79 | 47,55 | ||
| NR | 0–2.7 | 90 | 52,119 | |||
| Wnt (n = 2) | beta-catenin (n = 1) | 3 | 23 | 21 | 38 | |
| AXIN (n = 1) | NR | 5 | 109 | 130 | ||
| PI3 (n = 4) | PIK3CA (n = 5) | All | 11 | 36 | 55 | |
| NR | 4–11 | 147 | 52,130 | |||
| 9 | 12 | 52 | 119 | |||
| 9, 20 | 2.7 | 36 | 89 | |||
|
GC (n = 16) |
MAPK (n = 5) | KRAS (n = 4) | 1 | 14 | 104 | 39 |
| 2 | 0 | 34 | 141 | |||
| NR | 4.2–20 | 767 | 97,120 | |||
| Wnt (n = 6) | AXIN1 (n = 2) | NR | 3.8–7.1 | 200 | 56,90 | |
| AXIN2 (n = 3) | NR | 4.6–9.8 | 292 | 56,62,90 | ||
| APC (n = 1) | NR | 2.5 | 237 | 80 | ||
| CTNNB1 (n = 4) | NR | 1.7–3.6 | 322 | 80,90,120 | ||
| 3 | 7.1 | 70 | 56 | |||
| PI3 (n = 5) | PIK3CA (n = 5) | NR | 5.1–7.2 | 292 | 80,120 | |
| 1, 9, 20 | 4.3–8.7 | 325 | 46,76 | |||
| 18 | 3 | 100 | 104 | |||
| PTEN (n = 1) | NR | 20 | 221 | 121 | ||
| AKT (n = 1) | 6 | 2 | 100 | 104 |
NR not reported.