Table 3.
Measures of alpha diversity of ruminal archaea community in fermenters associated with the liquid phase as determined using QIIME and 16S rRNA sequences.
| Estimators | Osmolality1 | Temperature (°C) | Betaine2 | P value$ | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Hyper | SE∗ | 39.5 | 42 | SE∗ | Control | Low | High | SE∗ | O 3 | T 3 | B 3 | Interaction4 | |
| ACE | 1488.4 | 1485.1 | 52.3 | 1468.2 | 1505.3 | 52.32 | 1463.3 | 1495.8 | 1501.2 | 55.7 | 0.93 | 0.33 | 0.68 | (B × O) |
| Shannon index | 4.60 | 4.81 | 0.07 | 4.68 | 4.73 | 0.078 | 4.6672 | 4.7177 | 4.7426 | 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.28 | 0.40 | B × O, (B × T) |
| Simpson index | 0.9031 | 0.9117 | 0.004 | 0.9083 | 0.9066 | 0.004 | 0.9045 | 0.9091 | 0.9087 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.55 | 0.35 | B × O, B × T |
| Singles | 385.42 | 381.15 | 13.3 | 378.76 | 387.81 | 13.38 | 375.38 | 385.34 | 389.13 | 14.23 | 0.66 | 0.35 | 0.49 | B × O |
1Normal osmolality ~ 295 mOsmol kg−1; hyperosmolality ~ 420 mOsmol kg−1. 2Betaine levels: control (0), low (51), and high (286) ppm. 3O: osmolality; T: temperature; B: betaine. 4Only effects with significance (P ≤ 0.05) or tendency marked with bracket (P ≤ 0.10) are listed. ∗Standard error. $P value is for testing the fixed effect of osmolality (n = 36), temperature (n = 36), and betaine addition (n = 24). Significance: P < 0.05.