Table 4.
Quality of life before and after the intervention in participants with T2DM (n = 81).
| Variables | AEW Group (n = 20), Mean (SD) | Walking Group (n = 20), Mean (SD) | AEW and Walking Group (n = 20), Mean (SD) | Control Group (n = 21), mean (SD) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 8-Week | Diff (95% CI), p Value | Baseline | 8-Week | Diff (95% CI), p Value | Baseline | 8-Week | Diff (95% CI), p Value | Baseline | 8-Week | Diff (95% CI), p Value | |
| SF36- PCS | 45.16 (6.34) |
57.09 (4.84) |
11.938 (9.687~14.188) ** |
45.16 (6.34) |
60.81 (3.24) |
15.656 (12.966~18.346) ** |
44.94 (6.82) |
67.69 (3.10) |
22.750 (20.242~25.258) ** |
43.99 (5.75) |
42.11 (6.57) |
−1.875 (−4.107~0.357) |
| SF36- MCS | 46.52 (8.12) |
47.21 (7.89) |
0.694 (−0.090~1.447) |
47.50 (9.01) |
61.37 (12.53) |
13.869 (10.397~17.341) ** |
46.43 (6.67) |
73.54 (5.81) |
27.113 (24.089~30.136) ** |
46.66 (8.99) |
47.84 (12.51) |
1.183 (−2.602~4.967) |
| SF36-Total QoL | 45.84 (6.22) |
52.16 (5.38) |
6.315 (5.108~7.523) ** |
46.33 (6.63) |
61.09 (7.15) |
14.763 (12.364~17.163) ** |
45.69 (4.64) |
70.62 (3.25) |
24.933 (23.090~26.776) ** |
45.33 (5.20) |
44.98 (8.33) |
−0.346(−2.602~1.909) |
Note—n: number participants, SD: standard deviation, Diff: difference between after and before, CI: confidence interval, AEW: alkaline electrolyzed water, SF-36: Short Form 36, PCS: physical component score, MCS: mental component score, QoL: quality of life. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with ** p < 0.001.