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. 2020 Oct 6;9(10):956. doi: 10.3390/antiox9100956

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of XN on vascular contractile phenotype markers. Western blot assay of (A) α-SMA and (B) SM22α. GAPDH was a control for protein loading. Results were obtained from six independent experiments, and densitometric analysis of autoradiograms is shown as ratio to GAPDH. Immunohistochemical staining to detect the expressions of (C) α-SMA and (D) α-SMA (200× magnification). Each point represents the mean ± SEM, n = 10. ^### p < 0.001 compared with the control group. ** p < 0.01 compared with VDN group.