| AA | Amino acids |
| AS | Artificial sweeteners |
| ASB | Artificially sweetened beverages |
| BCAA | Branch chained amino acids |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| E% | Energy percent |
| FPG | Fasting plasma glucose |
| GDM | Gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GI | Glycaemic index |
| GL | Glycaemic load |
| GWG | Gestational weight gain |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic Model Assessment for insulin Resistance |
| IOM | Institute of Medicine |
| LGA | Large for gestational age |
| MUFA | Monounsaturated fatty acid |
| NGTP | Normal glucose tolerance pregnancies |
| NNR | Nordic Nutrition Recommendations |
| NNS | Non-Nutritive sweeteners |
| PA | Physical activity coefficient |
| PAL | Physical activity level |
| PUFA | Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |