. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):1116. doi: 10.3390/v12101116

Table 4.

Infection studies with USUV in non-European mosquito models.

Study *	Mosquito Species		Infective Dose(s)	Incubation Temperature	Infection Rate	Transmission Rate	Dissemination Rate	Conclusions
[102]	Cx. pipiens	American population (Mercer County, NJ, USA)	10^7.52 TCID₅₀/mL	28 °C	Day 7 p.i: 25% (4/16) Day 14 p.i: 58.6% (17/29)	Day 14 p.i: 23.5% (4/17)	Day 7 p.i: (1/1) Day 14 p.i: 93.3% (12/13)	Cx. pipiens complex mosquitoes are susceptible to USUV and competent for its potential transmission in North America Ae. albopictus is highly refractory to USUV infection and unlikely to contribute to USUV transmission in North America
	Ae. albopictus	American population (Mercer County, NJ, USA)	10^7.52 TCID₅₀/mL		0% at days 7 and 14 p.i	-	-
	Cx. quinquefasciatus American population (Vero Beach, FL, USA)		10^6.95 TCID₅₀/mL		Day 7 p.i: 93.3% (14/15) Day 14 p.i: 70% (21/30)	Day 14 p.i: 19% (4/21)	Day 7 p.i: (4/6)4 Day 14 p.i: 35.7% (5/14)
[104]	Cx. neavei African population (Barkedji, Senegal)		2 × 10⁷ PFU/mL (triplicate)	27 °C	Day 14 p.i: 1/3, 2/9 and 0/1	-	Day 14 p.i: 0/3	Dose-dependent vector competence in Cx. neavei
[104]	Cx. neavei African population (Barkedji, Senegal)		2 × 10⁸ PFU/mL	27 °C	Day 14 p.i: p40/44 (90.9%)	Day 14 p.i: 13/16 (81.3%)	Day 14 p.i: 16/40 (40.0%)	Dose-dependent vector competence in Cx. neavei
[96]	Cx. neavei African population		10⁶ PFU/mL	26 °C	Day 14 p.i: 2/10 (20%)	-	-	Failure of virus transmission to hamsters

* USUV strain: AY453412 (A2, South Africa, Cx. neavei) ingested in blood meals.