Table 1.
VOCs emitted from wood.
Extractives/Group of VOCs | VOC | Pine * | Spruce * | Larch * | Fir | Douglas Fir | Aspen | Oak | Beech | Wood Species | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration in the Test Chamber (µg/m3) Sapwood/Heartwood |
Concentration in the Test Chamber (µg/m3) Sapwood/Heartwood |
Concentration in the Test Chamber (µg/m3) Sapwood/Heartwood |
|||||||||||
Terpenes | α-pinene | 3459/294 | [31,44,60,70,71,73,74] | 119/320 | [60,71,75] | 126/509 | [76] | [61,77] | [78] | Reference | |||
β-pinene | 13/16 | [44,60,70,74] | −/74 | [60,71,75] | 4/14 | [61,77] | [78] | ||||||
Camphene | 23/10 | [44,70,71,74] | <1/− | [71,75] | <1/6 | [76] | [61,77] | ||||||
Δ3-carene | 108/40 | [31,44,60,70,71,74] | 63/45 | [71,75] | 17/16 | [76] | [61,77] | [78] | |||||
Limonene | 5/<1 | [31,44,70,74] | 30/19 | [60,71,75] | 13/7 | [61,77] | [78] | ||||||
Aldehydes | Benzaldehyde | <1/6 | [70,71,74] | <1/1 | [75] | 7/3 | [79] | [71] | |||||
Decanal | 11/16 | [70,74] | − | [71,75] | 7/− | [71] | |||||||
Furfural | / | [70,71,74] | / | [71] | / | [71] | |||||||
Hexanal | 4/162 | [31,44,70,71,74] | −/17 | [71,75] | 8/24 | [76,79] | [71] | [16] | |||||
Nonanal | 4/12 | [71,74] | 4/12 | [71,75] | 7/10 | [76,79] | [71] | ||||||
Octanal | 1/7 | [70,74] | <1/− | 5/5 | [71] | ||||||||
Pentanal | − | [70,71,74] | − | −/18 | [71] | ||||||||
Formaldehyde | / | [80,81] | / | [80,81] | / | [81] | [81,82] | [81] | |||||
Acids | Acetic acid | / | [31,71,74] | / | [71] | / | [76,79] | [71] | [16,83] | [83] |
Note: a group of most abundant VOCs emitted from different species of wood, comprising concentrations of VOCs emitted from sapwood/heartwood on day 31 -values based on the recent study from Czajka et al. [72]. Some other compounds, e.g., Thymol, Myrtenal, Thujen, Terpinen or Terpineol, were detected by GC-MS. * most often used industrial wood species.