Table 4.

Themes for strategies to overcome the barrier.

Factor	Themes	Quotes
Personal Improvement	Increase outdoor activity	“I am unsure whether I can do it on weekdays, but I will do more outdoor activities on the weekends. Maybe later in the afternoons after I am done with household chores,” (35 years old, executive). “I need to make some changes, for example, do outdoor activities,” (42 years old, administrative staff). “Outdoor outing with the family, for example a trip to the National Zoo. Not only we get to expose under the sun, but also (we) can spend quality time with the family,”(31 years old, administrative staff).
	Practice appropriate sunscreen usage	“The least I can do is to reduce my sunscreen usage, not to apply too thick, especially in the mornings,” (27 years old, administrative staff).
	Clothing adjustment	“I think I need to wear short-sleeved clothing instead of long-sleeved when I do my exercise so that I absorb more (sunlight),” (37 years old, clinician). “Just open (rolled up her sleeves) and expose it,” (49 years old, administrative staff).
	Time management	“I will do house chores at night. So, I can go out during the day,” (32 years old, administrative staff).
Intervention Program at Workplace	Type of activity	“Walking around the campus. For example, aim for the daily 10,000 steps,” (37 years old, academician). “Maybe just stay out, like sun-bathing with clothes on,” (32 years old, administrative staff). “Group activity such as treasure hunt around the campus,” (32 years old, administrative staff). “I guess an outdoor aerobic such as Zumba is the most suitable activity and we have done it before,” (33 years old, clinician). “I think leisure activities like ‘tele-match’ and family day is suitable,” (42 years old, administrative staff). “Maybe organize a run (paused) like the fun run. If it is conducted on weekends, we can include our family members too,” (33 years old, administrative staff). “If we take a look at the current surrounding, I think outdoor cleaning activity is suitable as one of the methods to obtain sunlight,” (33 years old, administrative staff). “Maybe the employer can provide an outdoor workstation that allows the staff to bring their laptop and do their work outdoors. Apart from the lab work which needs to be done indoors, I can do report writing and administrative related work outdoors,” (41 years old, administrative staff).
	Frequency	“I think once a week is fine. If it’s more than that, two or three times a week, that’s a bit too frequent. It will disrupt my work, and I believe my employer will not approve it,” (37 years old, administrative staff). “Twice a week is sufficient,” (24 years old, administrative staff). “I think once a week is not sufficient, maybe around two to three times a week,” (32 years old, administrative staff).
	Intensity	“I prefer to do light exercise. I don’t want to be drenched in sweat in the morning and I need to do work after that,” (37 years old, academician). “The exercise intensity should be moderate. So, we can maintain our fitness apart from getting sun exposure. I think it can be boring if it’s too slow and relaxed,” (34 years old, administrative staff). “I prefer low intensity, more relax,” (32 years old, administrative staff). “I prefer moderate (intensity) and gradually increase the intensity. Not only we get the benefit of sun exposure, but also at the same time (we) can improve our cardiovascular fitness,” (38 years old, administrative staff).
	Duration and time of the day	“I think the best time to do the program is between 8.00 a.m. to 9.00 a.m. before we start work. It is inconvenient to work, stop for exercise, then work again,” (42 years old, administrative staff). “Evening session is suitable, about 5.30 p.m. It is more relaxing to do exercise once the work is done,” (33 years old, administrative staff). “10.30 a.m. onwards is suitable as normally we are less occupied around that time,” (32 years old, administrative staff). “The first two hours between 8.00 a.m.–10.00 a.m. is fine to me,” (33 years old, administrative staff). “I think I can spare 15 min for that (intervention),” (24 years old, administrative staff). “Half an hour is workable for me,” (34 years old, administrative staff). “30 min is not enough, at least one hour per session,” (34 years old, administrative staff).