Table 3.
Worlwide top ranking of drugs causing DILI cases with causality assessment by RUCAM.
| Drug | RUCAM Based DILI Cases (n) |
|---|---|
| 1. Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 333 |
| 2. Flucloxacilllin | 130 |
| 3. Atorvastatin | 50 |
| 4. Disulfiram | 48 |
| 5. Diclofenac | 46 |
| 6. Simvastatin | 41 |
| 7. Carbamazepine | 38 |
| 8. Ibuprofen | 37 |
| 9. Erythromycin | 27 |
| 10. Anabolic steroids | 26 |
| 11. Phenytoin | 22 |
| 12. Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim | 21 |
| 13. Isoniazid | 19 |
| 14. Ticlopidine | 19 |
| 15. Azathioprine/6-Mercaptopurine | 17 |
| 16. Contraceptives | 17 |
| 17. Flutamide | 17 |
| 18. Halothane | 15 |
| 19. Nimesulide | 13 |
| 20. Valproate | 13 |
| 21. Chlorpromazine | 11 |
| 22. Nitrofurantoin | 11 |
| 23. Methotrexate | 8 |
| 24. Rifampicin | 7 |
| 25. Sulfazalazine | 7 |
| 26. Pyrazinamide | 6 |
| 27. Gold salts | 5 |
| 28. Sulindac | 5 |
| 29. Amiodarone | 4 |
| 30. Interferon beta | 3 |
| 31. Propylthiouracil | 2 |
| 32. Allopurinol | 1 |
| 33. Hydralazine | 1 |
| 34. Infliximab | 1 |
| 35. Interferon alpha/Peginterferon | 1 |
| 36. Ketaconazole | 1 |
| 37. Busulfan | 0 |
| 38. Dantrolene | 0 |
| 39. Didanosine | 0 |
| 40. Efavirenz | 0 |
| 41. Floxuridine | 0 |
| 42. Methyldopa | 0 |
| 43. Minocycline | 0 |
| 44. Telithromycin | 0 |
| 45. Nevirapine | 0 |
| 46. Quinidine | 0 |
| 47. Sulfonamides | 0 |
| 48. Thioguanine | 0 |
Substantially modified from a previous report [70], which provides references for each implicated drug.