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Dose–effect relationships of aqueous suspensions of Fe3O4 NPs (MNPs) and MNP-HA complexes before and after harsh and mild oxidation in (A) ciliates Paramecium caudatum 24 h immobilization test and (B) higher plants Sinapis alba 96 h root growth inhibition test: A dose-effect study. All concentrations are nominal. HA–humic acids. Average values ± SD of triplicates.
