Table 1.
Total amino acids (TAA) composition expressed in mg/g of dry sample (ds) of Porphyra dioica (blades and conchocelis), Porphyra umbilicalis (blades and conchocelis), Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Ulva rigida.
| Amino Acids | Porphyra dioica | Porphyra umbilicalis |
Gracilaria vermiculophylla (mg/g ds) |
Ulva rigida (mg/g ds) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blades (mg/g ds) |
Conchocelis (mg/g ds) |
Blades (mg/g ds) |
Conchocelis (mg/g ds) |
|||
| Asp | 24.15 ± 0.64 bc | 32.49 ± 0.21 a | 23.69 ± 0.65 c | 26.61 ± 1.75 b | 12.68 ± 0.41 d | 12.05 ± 0.29 d |
| Glu | 22.57 ± 0.72 c | 31.48 ± 0.43 a | 21.07 ± 0.22 c | 25.91 ± 1.63 b | 12.47 ± 0.54 d | 9.47 ± 0.23 e |
| Ala | 23.30 ± 0.79 bc | 30.25 ± 0.29 a | 21.76 ± 0.17 b | 23.52 ± 1.45 b | 8.11 ± 0.35 c | 8.48 ± 0.10 c |
| Arg | 14.58 ± 0.54 c | 23.68 ± 0.24 a | 14.27 ± 0.11 c | 17.88 ± 1.23 b | 8.37 ± 0.35 d | 6.06 ± 0.07 e |
| Gly | 16.75 ± 0.74 a | 18.22 ± 0.22 a | 13.61 ± 0.09 b | 16.65 ± 0.93 a | 6.82 ± 0.36 c | 6.67 ± 0.65 c |
| Ser | 12.05 ± 0.44 bc | 16.42 ± 0.20 a | 10.54 ± 0.12 c | 13.26 ± 0.80 b | 6.75 ± 0.22 d | 5.54 ± 0.06 d |
| Tyr | 6.15 ± 0.25c | 10.17 ± 0.16 a | 5.47 ± 0.09 c | 8.75 ± 0.59 b | 3.53 ± 0.13 d | 3.25 ± 0.07 d |
| Pro | 9.08 ± 0.32 a | 9.79 ± 0.32 a | 8.60 ± 0.08 a | 8.73 ± 0.71 a | 4.82 ± 0.18 b | 4.40 ± 0.10 b |
| Hyp | 0.15 ± 0.01 c | 0.05 ± 0.01 d | n.d. | 0.05 ± <0.01 d | 0.26 ± 0.01 b | 1.06 ± 0.02 a |
| Phe | 9.27 ± 0.35 b | 11.68 ± 0.07 a | 8.56 ± 0.07 b | 9.12 ± 0.58 b | 6.15 ± 0.30 c | 5.79 ± 0.03 c |
| His | 2.05 ± 0.50 c | 6.62 ± 0.08 a | 1.66 ± 0.05 cd | 6.46 ± 0.29 a | 1.14 ± 0.04 d | 2.96 ± 0.07 b |
| Ile | 8.22 ± 0.34 b | 11.29 ± 0.17 a | 8.31 ± 0.07 b | 8.42 ± 0.53 b | 5.86 ± 0.28 c | 4.44 ± 0.06 d |
| Leu | 16.63 ± 0.62 b | 22.03 ± 0.25 a | 16.12 ± 0.15 b | 17.32 ± 1.03 b | 9.01 ± 0.39 c | 7.89 ± 0.09 c |
| Lys | 11.60 ± 1.15 c | 22.33 ± 0.35 a | 11.58 ± 0.19 c | 16.08 ± 0.68 b | 5.80 ± 0.19 d | 4.76 ± 0.70 d |
| Met | 2.22 ± 0.24 c | 5.49 ± 0.05 a | 2.40 ± 0.04 c | 4.73 ± 0.28 b | 1.37 ± 0.07 d | 1.92 ± 0.05 c |
| Thr | 12.27 ± 0.34 b | 14.82 ± 0.15 a | 12.13 ± 0.09 b | 11.87 ± 0.66 b | 6.21 ± 0.24 c | 4.88 ± 0.14 d |
| Trp | 0.59 ± 0.03 d | 1.50 ± 0.05 a | 0.79 ± 0.03 c | 1.37 ± 0.02 b | 0.42 ± 0.01 e | 0.85 ± 0.02 c |
| Val | 12.34 ± 0.42 b | 18.24 ± 0.25 a | 12.79 ± 0.09 b | 13.63 ± 0.84 b | 6.84 ± 0.35 c | 5.78 ± 0.03 c |
| ∑TAA | 203.99 ± 8.20 c | 286.56 ± 3.11 a | 193.34 ± 2.16 c | 230.34 ± 13.79 b | 106.62 ± 4.09 d | 96.22 ± 0.78 d |
| % EAA | 36.84 ± 0.44 d | 39.78 ± 0.06 b | 38.45 ± 0.10 c | 38.65 ± 0.28 c | 40.14 ± 0.09 ab | 40.79 ± 0.23 a |
| % NEAA | 63.16 ± 0.44 a | 60.22 ± 0.06 c | 61.55 ± 0.10 b | 61.35 ± 0.28 b | 59.86 ± 0.09 cd | 59.21 ± 0.23 d |
| EAA/NEAA | 0.58 ± 0.01 d | 0.66 ± <0.01 b | 0.62 ± <0.01 c | 0.63 ± 0.01 c | 0.67 ± <0.01 ab | 0.69 ± 0.01 a |
Amino acids are represented by the 3-letter abbreviation code. In each row, different superscript letters represent significant differences between samples (p < 0.05), while the same superscript letters denote no significant differences (p > 0.05). n.d.: not detected.