Table 1.
Analyte | Method | Linear Range (nM) | LOD (nM) | Materials | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hg | Chemosensor | 0.25–10 | 0.08 | g-CNQDs | [30] |
Hg | Colorimetry | 100–500 | 0.275 | Au@S-C3N4 | [31] |
Hg | Fluorescence | 1–1000 | 0.3 | GCNNS | [35] |
Hg | Fluorescence | 103–3 × 104 | 140 | g-C3N4 | [36] |
Hg | Fluorescence | 100–8 × 103 | 94 | g-C3N4 | [37] |
Hg | Fluorescence | 0.5–100 | 0.17 | g-C3N4 | [38] |
Hg | SWASV | 0.06–25 | 0.018 | IP-GCNT | [39] |
Ag | Electrochemical | 0.001–100 | 0.0009 | GCNNS | [40] |
Cd | SWASV | 50–700 | 3.9 | GCNNS | [41] |
Cu | PEC | 1–100 | 0.38 | g-C3N4 | [42] |
Cu | ECL | 10−8–10−4 | 10−8 | GCN-GO | [43] |
Ce | Fluorescence | 0.0005–0.032 | 6.4 × 10−5 | Ag2S QD-g-C3N4 | [44] |
Fe | ECL | 100–20,000 | 23.2 | La-CNNS | [45] |
g-CNQDs—graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots; Au@S-C3N4-—gold@sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride; GCNNS—graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets; GCN-ssDNA—graphitic carbon nitride single-stranded DNA; IP-GCNT—imprinted graphitic carbon nitride; 3DBC-GCN—three-dimension branched crystalline graphitic carbon nitride; GCN-GO—graphitic carbon nitride-graphene oxide; Ag2S-GCNNS—silver sulfide quantum dots–graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets; La-GCNNS-lanthanum graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets.