Table 2.

RCTs examining the effect of selenium ONS on the PSA concentrations among men with PCa or increased PCa risk.

First Author	Origin	Masking	Duration	Patients	Interventions	Results
Stratton † [65]	US	Double-blind	Up to 5 yrs	n = 140 men with localized non-metastatic PCa	1. Se (200 μg/d) (n = 47) 2. Se (800 μg/d) (n = 47) 3. Placebo (n = 46)	Adjustment for age, BMI, baseline Se and PSA, smoking, race, PSA method, and Gleason score, PSA velocities for the two treatment arms did not different from the placebo.
Algotar Š [60]	US	Double-blind	Up to 5 yrs	n = 699 men at high PCa risk (PSA > 4 ng/mL and/or suspicious DRE and/or PSA velocity >0.75 ng/mL/yr) and a negative biopsy	1. Se (200 µg) (n = 234) 2. Se (400 µg) (n = 233) 3. Placebo (n = 232)	PSA velocity in the Se arms did not differ from the placebo group.

BMI, body mass index; DRE, digital rectal examination; ONS, oral nutrient supplement; PCa, prostate cancer; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; RCT, randomized controlled trials; Se, selenium. ^† phase II trial; ^Š phase III trial.