3xTg mice	Triple transgenic mice
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AGS	Human gastric epithelial cells
AKT	Protein kinase B
AMBRA1	Activating molecule in Beclin 1-regulated autophagy protein 1
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
Aß	Amyloid ß-peptide
Atg	Autophagy-related gene
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
BNIP3	Bscl2 interaction protein 3
C-28/I2	Human chondrocytes
C. elegans	Caenorhabditis elegans
CREB	CAMP response element-binding protein
d	Day
db/db	Diabetic mouse model
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
Drp1	Dynamin-related protein 1
EA.hy 926	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
EVOO	Extra virgin olive oil
Fis1	Fission protein 1
FKBP8	FK 506 binding protein 8
FOXO 1/3	Forkhead transcription factor 1/3
FUNDC1	FUN14 domain containing 1
GM00637	Normal fibroblast cells
GTP	Guanosine triphosphate
h	Hour
H9c2	Cardiac myoblast cells
HCT 116	Human colon cancer cells
HeLa	Human cervical cancer cell line derived from Henrietta Lacks
HIF-1 α	Hypoxia-inducible factor α
HMrSV5	SV40 immortalized human peritoneal mesothelial cell line
HTB-94 cells	Chondrosarcoma cells
HUVECs	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
IMM	Inner mitochondrial membrane
IPEC-J2	Intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2
IR/IGF-R	Insulin receptor/insulin-like growth factor receptor
LC3-II	Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3
LIR	LC3-interacting regions
m	Month
MD	Mediterranean diet
Mdx mice	Model for studying Duchenne muscular dystrophy
MEF	Mouse embryonic fibroblast
Mfn 1/2	Mitofusin 1/2
mg/kg/d	Milligram/kilogram/day
Mg/L	Milligram/liter
Min	Minute
Mitogenesis	Mitochondrial biogenesis
mM	Millimol/liter
MMP; ΔΨm	Mitochondrial membrane potential
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
mTOR	The mammalian target of rapamycin
N2a	Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells
NDP52	52-kDa nuclear dot protein
NIX	Nip3-like protein X
nM	Nanomol/liter
NRF 1/2	Nuclear respiratory factor 1 and 2
OA	Osteoarthritis
OK	Okinawa
OMM	Outer mitochondrial membrane
OPA1	Optic atrophy 1
OXPHOS	Oxidative phosphorylation
p-tau	Hyperphosphorylated tau
PARKIN	Cytosolic E3 ubiquitin ligase
PARL	Presenilin-associated rhomboid-like
PGC-1	Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1
PHB2	Prohibitin 2
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinases
PINK1	PTEN-induced kinase 1
PTEN	Phosphatase and tensin homolog
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RSV rats	Respiratory syncytial virus rats
S6K1	Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta 1
SAMP8	Senescence accelerated mouse-prone 8
SH-SY5Y	Human neuroblastoma cells
SIRT 1/3	Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1/3
SMURF1	SMAD ubiquitination regulatory factor 1
TCA	Tricarboxylic acid
TFAM	Mitochondrial transcription factor A
TFEB	Transcription factor EB
TgCRND8	Transgenic mouse model of AD
TIM	Translocase of the inner membrane
TOM	Translocase of the outer membrane
U-87 MG	Uppsala 87 malignant glioma cells
U2OS cells	Human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cells
U373-MG	Uppsala 373 malignant glioma cells
ULK1	Unc-51-like kinase 1
UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
USA	United States of America
VDAC	Voltage-dependent anion channel
VSMC	Vascular smooth muscle cells
w	Weeks
μM	μmol/L
ω3	Omega 3