Table 1.
miRNAs with UM tumor suppressor action. A list of known miRNAs with tumor suppression role in UM is shown indicating their chromosomal location, cell/tissue where it was described, their inhibitory action, gene target, existence of experimental validation, and reference. A summary indicating the main characteristics of the UM cell lines mentioned in this table are shown in Table S1 [14,15,16,17,18,19].
| miRNA | Location † | Sample Type | Inhibitory Events | Validation | Target | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-9 | 1q22 | Highly invasive cell lines: MUM2B and C918 | Cell migration and invasion | MA, IA, PA, RT-PCR, WB, FRA | NF-kB1 | [20] |
| miR-17-3p | 13q31.3 | UM patient tumor tissues; UM cell lines: OCM-1A, MUM-2C, C918, and MUM-2B | Cell proliferation and metastasis | RT-PCR, PA, MA, IA, Dual LUCA, WB, ATM | MDM2 | [21] |
| miR-23a | 19p13.12 | UM cell lines: OCM-1; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell migration | RT-PCR, MA IF, WB |
Zeb1 | [22] |
| miR-34a | 1p36.22 | UM cell lines: M17, M21, M23, and SP6.5; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation and migration | PA, MA, IA, Dual LUCA, IF, WB |
C-MET
LGR4 |
[23,24] |
| miR-34b/c | 11q23.1 | UM cell lines: SP6.5; UM patient tumor tissues (upregulated in doxorubicin- and epigenetic drug-treated SP6.5 cells) | Cell proliferation and migration | PA, AA, MA, LUCA, WB | C-MET | [25] |
| miR-122 | 18q21.31 | UM cell lines: 92.1, MEL270, OMM2.5, UPMM2, and UPMM3; TCGA UM dataset, UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation and migration | RT-PCR, LUCA, WB | C-MET, ADAM10 | [26] |
| miR-124a | 3 loci: 8p23.1 8q12.3 20q13.33 |
UM cell lines: M17, M21, M23, and SP6.5; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | PA, MA, IA, RT-PCR, ATM, WB |
CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D2, EZH2 |
[27] |
| miR-137 | 1p21.3 | UM cell lines: OMM1.3, Mel202, 92.1, OMM1, OCM1, and OCM3 | Cell proliferation | RT-PCR, PA, LUCA, WB |
MITF
CDK6 |
[28] |
| miR-142-3p | 17q22 | UM cell lines: M17 and SP6.5; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | RT-PCR, PA, MA, IA, AA, LUCA, WB | CDC25C, TGFβR1, GNAQ, WASL, RAC1 | [29] |
| miR-144 | 17q11.2 | UM cell lines: MUM-2B, C918, MUM-2C, and OCM-1A; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation and migration | LUCA, WB, PA, IA | C-MET | [30] |
| miR-145 | 5q32 | UM cell lines: MUM-2B and OCM-1; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis | RT-PCR, PA, IA, Dual LUCA, WB |
IRS-1
NPR1 |
[31] |
| miR-182 | 7q32.2 | UM cell lines: M23 and SP6.5; UM patient tumor tissues;(upregulated by p53 activation) | Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | RT-PCR, PA, MA, LUCA, ATM, WB | MITF, BCL2, cyclin D2 | [32] |
| miR-205 | 1q32.2 | UM patient tumor tissues (both high- and low invasive UM) | Cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis | PA, IA, Dual LUCA, WB | NPR1 | [31] |
| miR-216a-5p | 2p16.1 | UM cell line: MUM-2B; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation | PA, RT-PCR, LUCA, GA, WB, ATM, IHC |
HK2 | [33] |
| miR-224-5p | Xq28 | UM cell line: OCM-1A; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | RT-PCR, PA, MA, IA, LUCA, WB |
PIK3R3/AKT3, FTH1P3, RAC1, Fizzled 5 |
[34] |
| miR-15a, miR-185, miR-211 | 13q14.2 22q11.21 15q13.3 | Cell line: OCM-1; UM patient tumor tissues | Cell proliferation | RT-PCR, PA, WB | IL-10Rα | [35] |
Abbreviations: RT-PCR: real time polymerase chain reaction; PA: proliferation in vitro assay; MA: migration in vitro assay; IA: invasion in vitro assay, AA: apoptosis assay; WB: western blot immunodetection; LUCA: luciferase expression assays; IF: Immunofluorescence; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; ATM: animal tumor models, GA: glycolysis assay. † Information obtained from GeneCards database (www.genecards.org).