Table 3.
Mean daily fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) intake for each FODMAP group and totals at baseline and follow-up appointment. Comparisons were made by two-tailed paired samples t-test. Data shown represents the percentage change, mean difference and SD.
| Intake Per Day | Pre-Intervention Mean (SD) | Post-Intervention Mean (SD) | Percentage Change of Intake (%) | Mean Difference (SD) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excess fructose (g) | 1.37 (1.57) | 0.18 (0.29) | 87% | 1.19 (1.54) | <0.001 |
| Oligosaccharides (g) | 2.66 (1.01) | 1.26 (0.69) | 53% | 1.39 (1.15) | <0.001 |
| Sorbitol (g) | 1.92 (2.93) | 0.22 (0.28) | 89% | 1.70 (2.96) | <0.001 |
| Mannitol (g) | 0.59 (1.28) | 0.09 (0.19) | 85% | 0.50 (1.30) | <0.001 |
| Lactose (g) | 14.29 (9.81) | 1.99 (3.33) | 86% | 12.29 (9.51) | <0.001 |
| Total FODMAPs (g) | 19.46 (9.96) | 3.75 (3.78) | 82% | 15.88 (9.68) | <0.001 |
| Total FODMAPs without lactose (g) | 5.17 (3.51) | 1.76 (0.98) | 73% | 1.58 (0.90) | <0.001 |
Fructose is absorbed in the presence of glucose; when there is more fructose than glucose present in a food it is referred to as excess fructose, it is the excess fructose that, for some, is not absorbed in the small intestine resulting in gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.