| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| PR | Physiological redox |
| OS | Oxidative stress |
| LMWA | Low molecular weight antioxidants |
| ALEs | Advanced lipid peroxidation end products |
| Nrf2–Keap1 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2–Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 |
| GSH | Gluthathione |
| SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
| NQO1 | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] |
| HO-1 | Heme oxygenase 1 |
| GSR | Gluthathione reductase |
| GST | Gluthathione S-transferase |
| ARE | Antioxidant response element |
| EpRE | Electrophile response element |
| VOCs | Volatile organic compounds |
| GI tract | Gastrointestinal tract |
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