Table 3.
Prevalence of ESBL-producing, cefotaxime- and ceftazidime-resistant, E. coli isolates from fattening pigs and pork meat in the EU, 2012–2017. Adapted from [18,19,96].
| Region | Country | Resistance to Cefotaxime in E. coli Isolates from Pigs % (2012) | Resistance to Ceftazidime in E. coli Isolates from Pigs % (2012) | Presumptive ESBL E. coli Prevalence in Fattening Pigs % (2015) |
Presumptive ESBL E. coli Prevalence in Pork Meat % (2015) |
Presumptive ESBL E. coli Prevalence in Fattening Pigs % (2017) |
Presumptive ESBL E. coli Prevalence in Pork Meat % (2017) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northern Europe | United Kingdom |
- | - | 21.7 | 2.1 | 16.1 | 0 |
| Sweden | - | - | 1 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0 | |
| Finland | - | - | 0.3 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | |
| Latvia | - | - | 40 | 6.5 | 42.3 | 8.1 | |
| Lithuania | - | - | 17.9 | 8.7 | 37.9 | 2.7 | |
| Ireland | - | - | 10.3 | - | 18.5 | 2.3 | |
| Estonia | - | - | 29.9 | 2.7 | 29.4 | 1.3 | |
| Denmark | 0.7 | - | 7 | 1.2 | 6.8 | 2.1 | |
| Iceland | - | - | - | - | 0 | 0 | |
| Norway | - | - | 0.4 | 0 | 0.7 | 0 | |
| Western Europe | Luxembourg | - | - | 48.3 | - | 38.1 | 0 |
| Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 10.3 | - | 11 | 0.7 | |
| France | 2 | 2 | 34.7 | 1.5 | 23.8 | 0.3 | |
| Germany | - | - | 39.5 | 5.5 | 41.8 | 4.9 | |
| Belgium | 2.9 | 3.4 | 54.7 | 11.8 | 60.7 | 4.3 | |
| Austria | 0 | 0 | 48.2 | 9.3 | 58.8 | 9.4 | |
| Switzerland | 1.1 | 1.1 | 17 | 1 | 11.5 | 0.3 | |
| Eastern Europe | Bulgaria | - | - | 49.8 | 20.8 | 42 | 10 |
| Czech Republic | - | - | 21.5 | 9.3 | 17.6 | 10.1 | |
| Croatia | - | - | 17.6 | 1.4 | 30.2 | 5.1 | |
| Hungary | 1.5 | - | 44.7 | 7.7 | 56.2 | 3.7 | |
| Poland | 2.6 | 2.6 | 26.8 | - | 31.9 | 3.7 | |
| Romania | - | - | 46.6 | 11.1 | 53.7 | 9.7 | |
| Slovakia | - | - | 9.1 | 2 | 34 | 5.3 | |
| Southern Europe | Cyprus | - | - | 6.8 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 |
| Spain | - | - | 81.5 | 9.6 | 80.3 | 9.7 | |
| Greece | - | - | 32.8 | 5.8 | 33.5 | 6.8 | |
| Italy | - | - | 64a | 7.9a | 69.2 | 7 | |
| Malta | - | - | - | - | 17.9 | 11.1 | |
| Portugal | - | - | 65.2 | 21.3 | 54.9 | 8.2 | |
| Slovenia | - | - | 28.5 | 4.7 | 25.7 | 2 | |
| Total | 1.4 | 1.5 | 30.2 | 6.2 | 30.6 | 4.2 |
a—results reported from molecular analyses; - no data available.