Table 4.
Descriptive data of cows’ behaviors towards humans, milk yield, and udder health at animal level; and univariable associations with the cows’ FCM levels (ng/g), analyzed by means of Spearman rank correlations (rs).
| Variables | Descriptive Data | Associations with the Cows’ FCM Levels | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cow Behavior 1 | n | Mean ± sd | Median | Min–Max | rs | p |
| AD (cm) | 569 | 26.8 ± 35.1 | 10.0 | 0.0–170.0 | −0.069 | 0.102 |
| QBAanimal (PC1) 2 | 315 | −0.090 ± 1.025 | −0.178 | –1.713–2.355 | −0.149 | 0.008 |
| Milk Recording Data 3 | n | Mean ± sd | Median | Min–Max | rs | p |
| ECM (kg) | 674 | 25.22 ± 6.70 | 25.11 | 7.93–43.60 | −0.034 | 0.385 |
| SCS | 674 | 3.08 ± 1.70 | 2.90 | −0.64–9.25 | 0.109 | 0.005 |
1 associations with values of the first FCM measurement (when cow behavior was also recorded). 2 negative QBA values relate to relaxation/attraction/trust, positive values relate to fear/distress/ aversion. 3 associations with medians of repeated FCM measurements.