Table 1.
The overview of mycotoxins.
| Mycotoxin | Toxic Effects | IARC Classification | Health Guidance Value | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFB1, AFM1 | carcinogenic | Group 1 | As low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle) | [5,6] |
| OTA | nephrotoxic, teratogenic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic | Group 2B | TWI = 120 ng/kg bw/w PTWI = 100 ng/kg bw/w |
[5,6] |
| FB1 | hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity | Group 2B | PMTDI (FB1+FB2 +FB 3) = 2 μg/kg bw/d TDI (FB1+FB2 +FB3) = 2 μg/kg bw/d |
[1,5,6] |
| DON | immunotoxic | Group 3 | TDI = 1 μg/kg bw/d | [5,6,7,8] |
| ZEN | reproductive toxicity | Group 3 | PMTDI = 0.5 μg/kg bw/d TDI = 0.25 μg/kg bw/d |
[5,6] |
| PAT | hepatotoxicity | Group 3 | PMTDI = 0.4 μg/kg bw/d | [1,5,9] |
| NIV | immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, myelotoxicity | Group 3 | TDI = 1.2 μg/kg bw/d | [2,5,10] |
| T-2, HT-2 | toxic on the skin and mucous membranes | Group 3 | PMTDI (T-2+HT-2) = 0.06 μg/kg bw/d TDI (T-2+HT-2) = 0.1 μg/kg bw/d |
[5] |
Group 1, carcinogenic to humans; Group 2A, probably carcinogenic to humans; Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans; Group 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.