| OH | hydroxyl |
| ACE2 | angiotensin converting enzyme 2 |
| ACPAs | autoantibodies against citrullinated peptides |
| B(0)AT1 | sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| DMARDs | disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs |
| DRIs | Dietary Reference Intakes |
| EFSec | specific elongation factor |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| GPx | glutathione peroxidase |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| HEI | Healthy Eating Index |
| HO2 | perhydroxyl |
| HSe− | selenide |
| HUVECs | human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| iNOS | nitric oxide synthase |
| MsrB1 | methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B1 |
| NIK | NF-κB inducing kinase |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| NO2 | nitrogen dioxide |
| NRF2 | nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| NSAIDs | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| O2− | superoxide |
| OONO− | peroxynitrite |
| PSTK | phosphoseryl-tRNA[Ser]Sec kinase |
| PUFAs | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| rBAT | neutral and basic amino acid transport protein |
| RDA | Recommended Dietary Allowance |
| RF | rheumatoid factor |
| RNS | reactive nitrogen species |
| ROO | peroxyl |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SARS | seryl-tRNA synthetase |
| SBP2 | selenocysteine insertion sequence binding protein 2 |
| SCFAs | short chain fatty acids |
| SCLY | selenocysteine β-lyase |
| Se | selenium |
| Sec | selenocysteine |
| SECIS | selenocysteine insertion sequence |
| Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec | selenocysteine tRNA |
| SeMet | selenomethionine |
| SeNPS | selenium nanoparticles |
| SeP | selenoprotein P |
| Se-phosphate | selenophosphate |
| SEPSECS | O-phosphoseril-tRNA[Ser]Sec selenium transferase |
| SLC26 | solute carrier 26 |
| SNPs | single nucleotide polymorphisms |
| TRXR | thioredoxin reductase |
| UL | upper intake level |
| UTR | untranslated region |
| WHO | World Health Organization |