Table 1.
Physical and antibiofilm properties of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites.
| NP | Synthesis | Physical Properties |
Antibiofilm Properties Against Species: | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al2O3 | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the synthesis method | 50 nm | P.putida, Aeromonashydrophila | [61] |
| CuO | Sonochemical method | 40 nm | Candida sp. | [62] |
| CuO | Green synthesis | 50 nm |
E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, P. vulgaris |
[63] |
| CuO | Green synthesis | No information |
E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 45500 |
[64] |
| CuO | Chemical reduction method | 20 ± 1.24 nm |
E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, S. aureus |
[65] |
| ZnO | Wet chemical method | ~15 nm | S. pneumoniae MTCC 2672 | [11] |
| ZnO | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the synthesis method | <50 nm | P. aeruginosa PAO1 | [66] |
| ZnO | Green synthesis | 10–50 nm, triangles, hexagons, rods, and rectangles |
B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, E. coli, P. vulgaris |
[67] |
| ZnO | Wet chemical method | 7–10 nm | Classical (O395) and ElTor (N16961) V. cholerae | [68] |
| ZnO | No information | 65 nm | P. aerugonosa | [69] |
| ZnO | Green synthesis | 8–18 nm, spherical, oval, hexagonal |
E. coli, P. aeruginosa (ESBL), MRSA, MSSA |
[70] |
| ZnO | Green synthesis | 20–50 nm, spherical and hexagonal | MRSA | [71] |
| ZnO | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the synthesis method | 50–500 nm, spherical |
M. smegmatis, M. bovis BCG, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, MRSA |
[72] |
| ZnO | Green synthesis | 90–100 nm, triangles, hexagons, rods, and rectangle |
V. cholerae, E. coli (ETEC) |
[73] |
| ZnO | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the synthesis method | ~100 nm | MRSA | [74] |
| ZnO | No information | 20 nm, plates, spheres, pyramids |
E. coli UTI89 and MG1655, K. pneumoniae LM21, MRSA SH1000, S. epidermidis RP62A |
[75] |
| ZnO | No information | 20 nm |
E. coli, S. aureus, S. sobrinus ATCC 27352, Enterobacter sp., Marinobacter sp. |
[76] |
| ZnO | Green synthesis | 26 nm |
C. violaceum 12472, C. violaceum CVO26, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa PAO1 |
[77] |
| ZnO | Microwave radiation | No information |
C. violaceum ATCC 12472, E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa PAO1, K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603, S. marcescens ATCC 13880 |
[78] |
| ZnO | Sol-gel method | No information |
R. dentocariosa, R. mucilaginosa |
[79] |
| ZnO | Purchased at US Research Nanomaterials Co, no information about the synthesis method | 10–30 nm | Uropathogenic E. coli | [80] |
| Zn-doped CuO | Sonochemical method | No information |
E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 29213, P. mirabilis |
[81] |
| CeO2 | Sonochemical method | ~100 nm | Periphytic biofilm | [82] |
| MgO | Chemical synthesis | No information |
K. pneumoniae KT273996, E. coli KT273995 |
[83] |
| MgO | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the synthesis method | No information | R. solanacearum | [84] |
| MgO | Microwave radiation | No information |
E. coli,
S. aureus |
[85] |
| NiO | Green synthesis, Eucalyptus globulus leaf extract | 19 nm | ESβL (+) E. coli, P. aeruginosa, methicillin-sensitive and resistant S. aureus |
[86] |
| Fe3O4 | No information | No information | B. subtilis (ATCC 6633) | [87] |
| Fe3O4 | Wet chemical method | 10 nm | S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli | [88] |
| Fe3O4 | Co-precipitation method | 10.64 ± 4.73 nm | E. coli BW 25113, E. hirae ATCC 9790 | [89] |
| hematite (α-Fe2O3) | No information | 2 to 540 nm | P. aeruginosa (PA01) | [90] |
| TiO2 | Sol–gel method | No information | B. subtilis strain 168 | [91] |
| TiO2 | No information | <100 nm | MRSA biofilm | [74] |
| WO2 | Acid precipitation routes | No information | B. subtilis strain 168 | [91] |
| TiO2 | Green synthesis, by bacteria | 10 to 30 nm, spherical | B. subtilis (FJ460362) | [92] |
| TiO2 | Purchased at the Sigma–Aldrich, no information about the method of obtaining | <50 nm | MRSA | [74] |
| Ag–TiO2 | Chemical reduction | 31.3 ± 0.5 or 23.4 ± 0.4 nm, spherical or quasi-spherical |
B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, Candida albicans |
[93] |
| ZnMgO | Burning corresponding metal ribbons | 10 nm |
E. coli,
B. subtilis |
[20] |
| CuO/TiO2 | Sol–gel method | 6 nm | E. coli ATCC 25922 | [22] |
| MgO dopped Li | Sol–gel method | 23 nm | E. coli ATCC 25922 | [22] |
| CuZnFe | From solutions of metals | 42 nm |
E. coli, E. faecalis |
[94] |
| CeO2-CdO | Green synthesis | 10 nm | P. aeruginosa MTCC73 | [95] |
| Ag-SiO2 | Stöber method | 670 nm | MRSA, E. coli |
[96] |
| ZnOAu | Green synthesis | 30 nm |
S. aureus, E. coli |
[97] |