Table 4.
Median component and total HEI-SGA values across all participants by ethnicity.
| Median (IQR) Component and Total Scores | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese (n = 257) | Indian (n = 134) | Malay (n = 145) | p-Value * | |
| Total fruit | 0.0 (0.0, 5.0) a | 0.0 (0.0, 3.5) b | 0.0 (0.0, 1.0) b | <0.001 |
| Whole fruit | 0.0 (0.0, 5.0) a | 0.0 (0.0, 3.2) b | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) b | <0.001 |
| Total vegetables | 1.4 (0.0, 3.6) a | 0.3 (0.0, 1.5) b | 0.0 (0.0, 0.9) b | <0.001 |
| DGLOV | 0.0 (0.0, 3.7) a | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) b | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) b | <0.001 |
| Total rice & alternatives | 10.0 (8.0, 10.0) | 10.0 (7.9, 10.0) | 10.0 (7.4, 10.0) | 0.458 |
| Whole grains | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) a | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) a,b | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) b | 0.001 |
| Dairy | 2.2 (0.0, 7.0) a,b | 2.8 (0.0, 7.8) a | 0.0 (0.0, 5.3) b | 0.013 |
| Total protein foods | 10.0 (6.9, 10.0) | 10.0 (6.6, 10.0) | 10.0 (7.1, 10.0) | 0.705 |
| Total Fat | 10.0 (9.7, 10.0) a | 10.0 (6.7, 10.0) b | 10.0 (6.0, 10.0) b | 0.001 |
| Saturated fat | 10.0 (8.1, 10.0) a | 9.5 (5.8, 10.0) b | 9.1 (6.4, 10.0) b | <0.001 |
| Sodium | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) b | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) a | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) a | 0.009 |
| Total HEI-SGA score | 52.4 (44.4, 60.4) a | 47.6 (38.5, 54.9) b | 44.4 (37.2, 50.2) c | <0.001 |
* Based on independent samples, Kruskal-Wallis. Groups that do not share a superscript are significantly different from each other by post-hoc Bonferroni tests. DGLOV—dark green leafy and orange vegetables.