Table 2.
Chronological development of the antibacterial aerogels.
| Year | Type of Aerogels | Remark/Incorporated Antibacterial Material | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1931 | Silica aerogel | The first invention of aerogel. | [14] |
| 1968 | Metal oxide and silica | Development of sol-gel route for aerogel fabrication. | [95] |
| 1989 | Polymer aerogels | Organic and carbon aerogel using sol-gel route. | [96] |
| 1997 | Polymer aerogels | Ultralight aerogels using cross-linking techniques. | [97] |
| 2006 | Carbon-based aerogels | Silver as antibacterial material and direct immersion of organic aerogels in aqueous AgNO3 solutions. | [94] |
| 2008 | Nanocellulose-based aerogel | The first use of silver nanoparticles for antibacterial properties in nanocellulose aerogel. | [93] |
| 2011 | Chitosan aerogels | Antibacterial mesoporous pure chitosan aerogels. | [37] |
| 2013 | Nanofibrillated cellulose aerogel | Iron oxide and silver nanoparticles dispersed in nanofibrillated cellulose aerogel. | [98] |
| 2013 | Silica alcogel | Essential oils of medicinal plants used as antibacterial materials for air and surface disinfection. | [90] |
| 2014 | Cellulose-based aerogel | Lysozyme, Zinc oxide and gold nanoparticles immobilized in the cellulose network as antibacterial agents. | [92,99] |
| 2014 | Cellulose diacetate fibers | Bacteriophage used as an antibacterial agent, which encapsulate within the cellulose fibers. | [100] |
| 2015 | Cellulosic-based paper | Triclosan used as antibacterial material, in addition to improving the strength. | [101] |
| 2016 | Cellulose aerogels | Layer-by-layer surface-modified cellulose aerogel was able to adhere to bacterial cells from aquatic solutions. | [102] |
| 2017 | Nanocellulose aerogels | Lysozyme enzyme immobilized inside the cellulose aerogel as antibacterial material. | [91] |
| 2018 | Cellulose-based aerogels | Amoxicillin and gentamicin antibiotics loaded in the microcrystalline cellulose network. | [103,104] |
| 2019 | Chitosan aerogel | Vancomycin antibiotic-loaded inside the chitosan aerogel. | [105] |
| 2020 | Bacterial cellulose aerogel | Modified cellulose with N-isopropyl acrylamide, which used as an antibacterial agent after enduring chlorination. | [106] |
| 2020 | Nanocellulose aerogel | Essential oils as a natural antibacterial agent in the aerogel. | [89] |