Figure 2.
Beta-amyloid protein fragments induce multiple molecular and cellular changes that promote neurodegeneration. Abbreviations: ↑ denotes increase, Aβ: beta-amyloid protein fragments, ROS: reactive oxygen species, ER: endoplasmic reticulum, UPR: unfolded protein response, MAP-2: microtubule-associated protein 2. Aβ pathology contributes to various molecular and cellular changes that induce neuronal death.