Figure 2.

Substance-P improves the viability of ADSCs damaged by oxidative stress. (A) Experimental scheme for inducing oxidative stress in ADSCs and the subsequent SP treatment. (B,C) Cell viability was measured by WST assay at 24 (B) and 48 h (C) after SP treatment. The untreated control was set as 100%, and cell viability was expressed as the percentage relative to the activity of the control group. (D) The representative image of cellular morphology. (E) Final cell yield was measured by counting total cell number. Values of p < 0.05 were interpreted as statistically significant (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001). The data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.