Table 7.
Lipid profile, immunity and antioxidants of Japanese quail as affected by dietary DL-methionine.
| Items | DL-Methionine Levels | SEM | p Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | Linear | Quadratic | ||
| Lipid profile | ||||||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 366.40 a | 205.29 d | 284.70 c | 283.15 c | 331.55 b | 3.685 | 0.60 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 1094.50 b | 407.95 e | 810.65 d | 990.50 c | 1207.00 a | 11.004 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 12.30 c | 17.42 b | 22.25 a | 19.82 ab | 16.38 b | 1.169 | 0.03 | <0.001 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 135.21 a | 106.28 b | 100.32 b | 65.24 c | 73.77 c | 4.984 | <0.001 | 0.04 |
| VLDL (mg/dL) | 218.90 b | 81.59 e | 162.13 d | 198.10 c | 241.40 a | 2.201 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Immunity | ||||||||
| IgM (mg/dl) | 0.34 d | 0.83 a | 0.47 b | 0.39 c | 0.36 d | 0.005 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| IgG (mg/dl) | 0.53 d | 1.22 a | 0.69 b | 0.62 c | 0.57 d | 0.013 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| IgA (mg/dl) | 0.33 d | 0.69 a | 0.42 b | 0.38 c | 0.34 d | 0.005 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Lysozyme (mg/dl) | 0.14 b | 0.24 a | 0.20 ab | 0.17 b | 0.15 b | 0.016 | 0.47 | 0.01 |
| Antioxidants | ||||||||
| SOD (U/mL) | 0.11 c | 0.28 a | 0.16 b | 0.12 c | 0.13 c | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| MDA (nmol/mL) | 0.46 a | 0.13 d | 0.34 c | 0.42 ab | 0.40 b | 0.014 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| TAC | 0.11 c | 0.21 a | 0.17 ab | 0.14 cb | 0.12 c | 0.011 | 0.16 | <0.001 |
| CAT (ng/mL) | 0.13 c | 0.22 a | 0.18 b | 0.15 bc | 0.13 c | 0.010 | 0.08 | <0.001 |
| GSH (ng/mL) | 0.12 c | 0.29 a | 0.17 b | 0.12 c | 0.14 c | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
a, b, c, d, e Means in the same row with no superscript letters after them or with a common superscript letter following them are not significantly different (p < 0.05). High-density lipoprotein (HDL); Low-density lipoprotein (LDL); Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL); Immunoglobulin M (IgM); Immunoglobulin G (IgG); Immunoglobulin A (IgA); Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA); Total antioxidant capacity (TAC); Catalase (CAT); Reduced glutathione (GSH). SEM: standard error of the mean.