Table 5.

A collection of shear wave velocity values (mean in m/s, range) for a predefined number of focal liver lesions (FLLs) in different studies, using the pSWE technology. The table includes the SWV cut-off values (m/s) for discriminating malignant versus benign FLLs, their corresponding sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), as well as the statistical interpretation of the discrimination of HCC lesions from others.

Study	Cut-Off Value Malignant Versus Benign (m/s)	Se/Sp (%)	HCC	Metastases	Hemangiomas	FNH	Hepatocellular Adenoma	Statistically Significant/Not Significant Difference between SWV of HCC and Other FLLs
Park et al. [139]	1.82	71.8/75	2.48 ± 0.84 (n = 24)	2.35 ± 1.18 (n = 8)	1.83 ± 0.62 (n = 5)	0.97 ± 0.48 (n = 3)	N/S	Significant difference: HCC—benign lesions (p = 0.006)
Akdogan et al. [140]	2.32	93/60	2.75 ± 0.53 (n = 10)	3.59 ± 0.51 (n = 22)	2.15 ± 0.73 (n = 34)	3.22 ± 0.18 (n = 4)	N/S	No significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas (p > 0.05) Significant difference: HCC—metastatic lesions (p < 0.05)
Kim et al. [141]	2.73	96.4/65.8	2.66 ± 0.94 (n = 26)	2.82 ± 0.96 (n = 24) with colon cancer metastasis 3.70 ± 0.61 (n = 20)	1.80 ± 0.57 (n = 28)	N/S	N/S	No significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas (p > 0.05)
Davies et al. [142]	2.5	97.1/100	N/S	4.23 ± 0.59 (n = 10)	1.35 ± 0.48 (n = 35)	N/S	N/S	N/S
Gallotti et al. [143]	N/S	N/S	2.17 ± 0.85 (n = 6)	2.87 ± 1.13 (n = 9)	2.30 ± 0.95 (n = 7)	2.75 ± 0.95 (n = 13)	1.25 ± 0.37 (n = 5)	No significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas. Significant difference: HCC—adenomas (p < 0.05)
Frulio et al. [144]	N/S	N/S	2.4 ± 1.01 (n = 24)	3.0 ± 1.36 (n = 12)	2.14 ± 0.49 (n = 15)	3.14 ± 0.63 (n = 19)	1.90 ± 0.86 (n = 9)	No significant difference: malignant—benign groups (p N/S).
Dong et al. [145]	2.06	80.6/88	2.63 (range 1.84–5.68) (n = 104)	2.78 (range 1.02–3.15) (n = 11)	1.5 (range 0.79–2.61) (n = 11)	1.35 (range 0.69–2.94) (n = 5)	N/S	Significant difference: Malignant—benign lesions (p < 0.05)
Guo et al. [146]	2.13	83.3/77.9	3.07 ± 0.89 (n = 24)	2.74 ± 1.06 (n = 26)	1.48 ± 0.70 (n = 47)	2.30 ± 1.18 (n = 7)	N/S	Significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas (p < 0.001) Significant difference: HCC—focal fatty degeneration (not mentioned in the current table, p = 0.006)
Zhang et al. [147]	2.16	81.3/74.1	2.59 ± 0.91 (n = 61)	3.20 ± 0.62 (n = 39)	1.33 ± 0.38 (n = 28)	1.90 ± 0.45 (n = 14)	N/S	Significant difference: Malignant—benign lesions (p < 0.01)
Yu et al. [148]	2.72	69/89	2.49 ± 1.07 (n = 28)	2.73 ± 0.89 (n = 13)	1.75 ± 0.80 (n = 35)	2.18 ± 0.84 (n = 15)	1.79 ± 0.14 (n = 2)	Significant difference: HCC—benign lesions (p < 0.01, overlap) Significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas (p < 0.01)
Heide et al. [149]	N/S	N/S	2.63 ± 1.09 (n = 5)	2.88 ± 1.16 (n = 17)	2.36 ± 0.77 (n = 13)	3.11 ± 0.93 (n = 17)	2.23 ± 0.97 (n = 2)	No significant difference: Malignant—benign lesions (p = 0.23).
Galati et al. [150]	2.0	74.6/80.7	2.47 ± 1.425 (n = 39)	3.29 ± 1.2325 (n = 28)	1.34 ± 0.9125 (n = 52)	N/S	N/S	Significant difference: Malignant lesions—hemangiomas (p N/S)
Cho et al. [151]	2.0	74/82	2.45 ± 0.81 (n = 17)	2.18 ± 0.96 (n = 8)	1.51 ± 0.71 (n = 17)	N/S	N/S	Significant difference: HCC—hemangiomas (p < 0.05)
Wu et al. [152]	2.22	51.9/85.7	Malignant: 2.25 ± 0.80 (n = 27)		Benign: 1.70 ± 0.58 (n = 28)			Significant difference: Malignant—benign lesions (p = 0.007)
Shuang-Ming et al. [153]	2.22	89.7/95	Malignant: 3.16 ± 0.80 (n = 68)		Benign: 1.47 ± 0.53 (n = 60)			Significant difference: Malignant—benign lesions (p < 0.001)
Kapoor et al. [154]	2.5	88/83	2.4 (range 1.28–3.5) (n = 7)	3.28 (range 2.9–3.65) (n = 18)	Benign: 1.83 (range 1.26–2.39) (n = 15)			Significant difference: HCC—metastatic nodules (p = 0.008)