Table 5.
The concentrations of cytokines in the jejunal mucosa of piglets.
| Items | NP | NC | PC | MCT | GML | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIgA (μg/mg) | 10.90 ± 3.07 a | 8.42 ± 2.04 ab | 5.52 ± 0.93 b | 10.08 ± 1.62 a | 10.60 ± 1.27 a | 0.001 |
| IL-1β (pg/mg) | 173.12 ± 41.88 | 208.75 ± 34.17 | 214.32 ± 37.81 | 191.79 ± 30.95 | 183.28 ± 36.14 | 0.309 |
| IL-6 (pg/mg) | 109.38 ± 23.44 | 146.67 ± 43.86 | 139.86 ± 23.07 | 140.91 ± 29.18 | 136.59 ± 25.31 | 0.267 |
| TNF-α (pg/mg) | 32.28 ± 4.55 b | 45.22 ± 9.68 a | 42.54 ± 5.23 a | 44.00 ± 4.55 a | 43.77 ± 8.60 a | 0.020 |
| IFN-γ (pg/mg) | 9.54 ± 1.60 | 8.75 ± 1.66 | 9.45 ± 1.31 | 8.62 ± 1.18 | 8.83 ± 1.99 | 0.798 |
Values are the mean ± SEM, n = 6 per treatment (the n = 6 refers to the number of pigs slaughtered and sampled). a,b Mean values sharing different superscripts within a row differ (p < 0.05). NP = normal protein basal diet no antibiotics included; NC = low-protein basal diet no antibiotics included; PC = low-protein basal diet + antibiotics (75 mg/kg quinocetone, 20 mg/kg virginiamycin and 50 mg/kg aureomycin); MCT = low-protein basal diet + 2 kg/T tricaprylin/tricaprin; GML = low-protein basal diet + 2 kg/T glycerol monolaurate.