Table 1.
PH Level | Source | (w/w Protein) | Thickness (mm) | FS (%) | Transparency (% mm−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH 3 | Control | Control | 0.087 ± 0.002F | 54.76 ± 0.17B | 3.11 ± 0.17C |
GTE | 2% | 0.088 ± 0.002F | 36.90 ± 0.13E | 3.28 ± 0.06CB | |
4% | 0.093 ± 0.001E | 32.95 ± 0.17G | 3.38 ± 0.20B | ||
6% | 0.098 ± 0.002D | 30.48 ± 0.2H | 3.59 ± 0.18A | ||
pH 11 | Control | Control | 0.92 ± 0.002E | 64.22 ± 0.08A | 0.96 ± 0.08F |
GTE | 2% | 0.100 ± 0.002C | 42.65 ± 0.09C | 3.11 ± 0.15C | |
4% | 0.103 ± 0.002B | 39.66 ± 0.14D | 2.38 ± 0.16D | ||
6% | 0.107 ± 0.002A | 36.27 ± 0.17F | 1.96 ± 0.18E |
Data are presented as means ± SD for thickness, FS, and transparency (n = 6). Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among the film samples with different concentrations of GTE at different pH levels.