Table 2.
Water vapor permeability (WVP), tensile strength (TS), and elongation at break (EAB) of films incorporated with GTE at pH 3 or pH 11 with different concentrations.
| PH Level | Source | (w/w Protein) | WVP (×10−12 gm−1 S−1 pa−1) | TS(MPa) | EAB (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH 3 | Control | Control | 3.15 ± 0.04B | 2.57 ± 0.14G | 164.77 ± 3.06B |
| GTE | 2% | 2.40 ± 0.03ED | 3.97 ± 0.20E | 88.95 ± 6.62F | |
| 4% | 2.22 ± 0.04F | 4.17 ± 0.10D | 97.06 ± 5.80F | ||
| 6% | 2.06 ± 0.05G | 5.66 ± 0.17A | 131.38 ± 5.32E | ||
| pH 11 | Control | Control | 3.63 ± 0.05A | 2.74 ± 0.09F | 187.35 ± 5.94A |
| GTE | 2% | 2.68 ± 0.09C | 5.18 ± 0.11C | 154.21 ± 8.68C | |
| 4% | 2.46 ± 0.04D | 5.45 ± 0.06B | 144.20 ± 10.55D | ||
| 6% | 2.32 ± 0.08EF | 5.68 ± 0.08A | 122.26 ± 13.27E |
Data are presented as means ± SD for WVP (n = 3) (TS and EAB n = 6). Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among the film samples with different concentrations of GTE at different pH levels.