Table 1.
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of selected antibiotics that correlate with efficacy.
| Pharmacodynamic Kill Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Time Dependent | Concentration Dependent | Concentration Dependent with Time Dependence | |
| Antibiotic | Penicillins | Aminoglycosides | Fluoroquinolones |
| Cephalosporins | Fluoroquinolones | Aminoglycosides | |
| Carbapenems | Fosfomycin | Fosfomycin | |
| Natural macrolides | Colistin | Colistin | |
| Clindamycin | Metronidazole | Glycopeptides | |
| Oxazolidinones | Daptomycin | Semisynthetic macrolides | |
| Metronidazole | Tetra- and Glycylcyclines | ||
| Oxazolidinones | |||
| Optimal PK/PD index | T>MIC | Cmax/MIC | AUC0–24/MIC |
| Objective | Maximize duration of exposure | Maximize concentration | Maximize amount of drug exposure |
| Measures | Frequent administration or prolonged infusion dosing | Infrequent (once daily) administration of high doses | Administration of a high total daily dose |
From [26], modified.