Table 8.

Entirely polyester-based amino acid-modified cationic Ds developed recently and antibacterial activity of the most effective ones among the synthetized series.

Dendrimer Structure	Proposed Mechanism	HC50 (μg/mL)	Cytotoxicity IC50 (μg/mL)	Target Bacteria	Activity (μg/mL)
G1-G5 polyester-based alanine Ds NH3 or OH terminated [18]	OM/CM damage OM/CM disruption Leakage of cell contents	N.D.	G1/G2-NH3 NT 203 1,2,3 G3-NH3 NT < 4.3 2,3 <21.3 1 G4-NH3 NT < 0.9 2,3 <21 1 G5-NH3 NT < 1.7 2,3 <42.6 1	E. coli	MIC G2-NH3 # 203.09
G1-G3 alanine and alkyl (C2-C14)-modified polyester-based dendrons (umbrella molecules) [96]	OM/CM-disrupting action Cationic surfactants-like activity Lytic mechanism	HC50 10 G1/C14 63 G2/C14 5000 G3/C14	LC50 4 32 μg/mL G3/C14	E. coli S. aureus P. aeruginosa A. baumannii MRSA E. faecalis	MIC 3.9 (G1/C14) 3.9 (G2/C14) 7.8 (G3/C14) 3.9 (G1/C14) 1.95 (G2/C14) 3.9 (G3/C14) 5.5 (G3/C14) 11.0 (G3/C14) 5.5 (G3/C14) 8.0 (G3/C14)
5G polyester-based cationic Ds (G5K, G5H, G5HK) [1]	Electrostatic binding OM damage Non-lytic bactericidal mechanism	N.D.	Cells viability 4 96.1%	P. aeruginosa (MDR) P. aeruginosa P. aeruginosa ATCC P. putida P. florescens P. straminea A. baumannii A. pittii S. maltophilia	MIC (μM) G5K # 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.1–2.1 2.1 1.1–4.2
				P. florescens P. straminea A. baumannii 24 A. pittii S. maltophilia 18	MIC (μM) G5H # 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3
				P. aeruginosa 209 P. aeruginosa 249 P. aeruginosa ATCC P. putida P. florescens P. straminea A. baumannii A. pittii S. maltophilia 18 S. maltophilia 11 S. maltophilia 16 S. maltophilia 19	MIC (μM) G5HK # 4.2 4.2 8.4 2.1 1.0 1.0 4.2–8.4 2.1 2.1 4.2 8.4 8.4

N.D. = Not determined; K = L-lysine; H = L-histidine; N.T. = Not toxic; ¹ RAW 264.7 cell lines; ² HDF cell lines; ³ U87 cell lines; ^# MIC values are referred to the specific dendrimers named H1, bH1, G3KL and DG3KL in the original reference work because they were found to be the most active of a vast library of compounds; ⁴ HeLa cell line.